quiz 2 (lectures 3-5)

Question 1

You have discovered a new coccoid-shaped microorganism with no nucleus, a rigid cell wall, a S-layer and a diameter of 2 μm. Chemical tests reveal that its cell wall does NOT contain peptidoglycan but the presence of N-acetyltalosaminuronic( NAT). The new microorganism is

A. most likely an archaeon (Archaea)
B. either a bacterium or an archaeon.
C. most likely a bacterium
D. most likely a eukaryote.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Turbidity in a bacterial culture can be measured using a/an:

A. colony counter
B. chemostat
C. spectrophotometer
D. incubator

Answer 2

C

Question 3

You are given an electron micrograph of a bacterial cell. In the micrograph, you can clearly see three thin layers of different densities surrounding the cell. Based on the micrograph, you can infer that this cell is ________ and would appear ________ after application of the Gram stain procedure.

A. gram-positive / pink
B. gram-positive / purple
C. gram-negative / purple
D. gram-negative / pink

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following would be used by a chemoorganotroph for energy?

A. H
B. H2
C. CO2
D. C6H12O6

Answer 4

D

Question 5

In fermentation reactions occurring in yeast to produce wine, two products of the reaction are __________ and _________.

A. hydrogen gas; propionic acid
B. carbon dioxide; ethyl alcohol
C. ethyl alcohol; methane
D. acid; hydrogen gas

Answer 5

B

Question 6

In glycolysis, each molecule of glucose eventually produces ________ molecules of pyruvic acid.

A. One
B. Three
C. Four
D. Two

Answer 6

D

Question 7

Small acid-soluble proteins (SASPs) protect DNA from ultraviolet light and are found in high numbers within

A. gram-positive Bacteria.
B. endospores.
C. inclusion bodies.
D. gram-negative Bacteria.

Answer 7

B

Question 8

ATP-binding cassette transport systems have high substrate affinity and thus help microorganisms survive in low nutrient environments.

T/F

Answer 8

T

Question 9

A catalyst

A. changes both the rate of a reaction and the amount of the product that will be obtained as the reaction is completed.
B. requires more reactants but makes the reaction rate faster.
C. increases the amount of reactants produced but does not change the rate.
D. changes the rate of the reaction but does not change the end amount of products.

Answer 9

D

Question 10

______an outer protective layer, made of distinctly structured protein or glycoprotein found in almost all archaea.

A. S-layer
B. Q-layer
C. L-layer
D. O-layer

Answer 10

A

Question 11

Which is one major difference between anaerobic and aerobic respiration?

A. Use of electron transport
B. Use of proton motive force
C. Electron donor
D. Electron acceptor

Answer 11

D

Question 12

The terms run” and “tumble” are generally associated with”

A. chemotaxis.
B. nutrient transport.
C. clustering of certain rod-shaped bacteria.
D. eukaryotic cells.

Answer 12

A

Question 13

The peptide interbridge crosslinking between peptidoglycan layers is found ONLY in the cell walls of

A. gram-positive Bacteria.
B. gram-negative Bacteria.
C. Eukarya.
D. Archaea.

Answer 13

A

Question 14

Which is/are a function(s) of the cytoplasmic membrane in prokaryotes?

A. all are correct
B. It is an anchor for many proteins involved in bioenergetic reactions and transport.
C. It functions as a permeability barrier.
D. It is a major site of energy conservation.

Answer 14

A

Question 15

Chemolithotrophs use _____ in energy production

A. light
B. inorganic compounds
C. organic compounds
D. all are correct

Answer 15

B

Question 16

Archaeans have archaella that rotate like bacterial flagella though they

A. swim much faster than bacterial flagella
B. are longer than bacterial flagella.
C. consists of hollow filaments
D. assembled at bases not tips

Answer 16

D

Question 17

Some archaea have unique phospholipids in their cytoplasmic membrane that

A. form a monolayer due to the presence of diphodphoglycerol tetraethers.
B. that have fatty acids instead of isoprenes.
C. form a bilayer due to the presence of sterols.
D. have ester linkages in their phosphlipds

Answer 17

A

Question 18

Which of the following is correct (true) about the glyoxylate cycle?

A. Glycolate cycle is essential for C3 compounds .
B. The glyoxylate cycle is a catabolic pathway that produces a considerable amount of energy to cells
C. Glyoxylate cycle, a variation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is an anabolic pathway occurring in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi
D. Glyoxylate cycle, a variation glycolysis, is an catabolic pathway occurring in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi

Answer 18

C

Question 19

The time interval required for the formation of two cells from one is called the

A. growth rate.
B. growth time.
C. division rate.
D. generation time.

Answer 19

D

Question 20

The time between inoculation and the beginning of growth is usually called the

A. log phase.
B. dormant phase.
C. decline phase.
D. lag phase.

Answer 20

D

Question 21

One example of an electron acceptor that can be used in anaerobic respiration is

A. nitrate.
B. water.
C. NADH.
D. FMN.

Answer 21

A

Question 22

You find endospores of a particular species. Which of the following is most likely TRUE of this species?

A. It is a gram-negative bacterium.
B. It is equally likely to be an archaean, a gram-positive bacterium, or a gram-negative bacterium.
C. It is a gram-positive bacterium.
D. It is an archaean.

Answer 22

C

Question 23

________ are charged molecules that are partially responsible for the ________ charge of the gram-positive bacterial cell surface.

A. Diaminopimelic acids / positive
B. Peptide interbridges / neutral
C. Phospholipids / negative
D. Teichoic acids / negative

Answer 23

D

Question 24

Selective medium differs from differential medium because

A. differential medium differentiates pathogens from nonpathogens while selective medium grows only pathogens.
B. selective medium permits growth of more organisms than differential medium.
C. selective medium permits growth of a particular microbial type while differential medium is used to distinguish between types of organisms.
D. differential medium contains growth inhibitors while selective medium does not.

Answer 24

C

Question 25

Redox reactions occur and release energy when:

A. Substances with less reduction potential donate electrons to substances with greater reduction potential (donating up the redox tower)
B. Substances with greater reduction potential donate protons to substances with less reduction potential (donating down the redox tower)
C. Substances with less reduction potential donate protons to substances with greater reduction potential (donating up the redox tower)
D. Substances with greater reduction potential donate electrons to substances with less reduction potential (donating down the redox tower)

Answer 25

D

Question 26

Type IV pili are involved in

A. attachment of cells to surfaces.
B. all are correct
C. twitching motility.
D. pathogenesis.

Answer 26

B

Question 27

Lysozyme is an enzyme that can ultimately lyse and kill eukaryotic cells by breaking β-1, 4-glycosidic bonds in peptidoglycan.

T/F

Answer 27

F

Question 28

Which statement is False about ATP synthase:

A. ATPase converts proton motive force into ATP
B. ATP synthase (ATPase) is reversible.
C. There are three components to E.coli ATPase.
D. F1 is the multiprotein complex that enters into the cytoplasm.

Answer 28

C

Question 29

A medium containing known substances in precise amounts is known as a ________ media.

A. complex
B. defined
C. natural
D. selective

Answer 29

B

Question 30

What is the biological function of endospores?

A. They enable organisms to endure extremes of temperature, drying, and nutrient depletion.
B. They are bacterial reproductive structures.
C. Endospores can serve as reproductive structures, enable survival in harsh environments, and transport toxins.
D. They transport toxins.

Answer 30

A