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Biology 10 > Quiz 2: Genetics > Flashcards

Quiz 2: Genetics Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a genotype?

A

2 alleles, that make a gene

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2
Q

What is a phenotype?

A

the characteristic of the phenotype

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3
Q

What are medallion traits?

A

1 trait or multiple trait punnet squares, use dominant and recessive traits

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4
Q

How do you find the offspring options of 2 multiple gene parents?

A

ex: HhBb x HhBb, first foil to find possibilities than make 16 square Punnett square

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5
Q

What is incomplete dominance?

A

ex: red x white flowers = pink flowers, still uses punnett square. Heterozygous genotype is the blended traits

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6
Q

What is codominance?

A

ex: black chickens x white chickens = white and black speckled chickens

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7
Q

What are multiple alleles?

A

Each letter in genotype is labeled, ex: blood type A = I^A I^A or I^Ai

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8
Q

What are sex linked chromosomes?

A

Alleles on sex chromosomes, typically found on the x. ex: hemophilia

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9
Q

What are the sex chromosomes for females?

A

xx

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10
Q

What are the sex chromosomes for males?

A

xy

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11
Q

Who was gregor mendel?

A

father of genetics

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12
Q

What is cross pollination?

A

when pollen lands on a stigma of another flower

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13
Q

How do pea plants create offspring? How are they fertilized?

A

self fertilized or cross fertilized

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14
Q

What are genes?

A

factors that determine your traits, located on chromosomes

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15
Q

What are polygenic traits?

A

When genes control one trait usually resulting in a wise range of phenotypes

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16
Q

What is autosomal?

A

a locus on any chromosome but a sex chromosome, not sex linked

17
Q

What is complete linkage?

A

describes inheritance patterns for 2 genes on the same chromosome, when observed frequency for crossover between loci is zero

18
Q

What is mendels law of independent assortment of alleles?

A

alleles of different genes are assorted independently of one another during formation of gametes

19
Q

What is mendels law of segregation?

A

Alleles segregate from one another during the formation of gametes

20
Q

What is non linkage?

A

likelihood of crossover between loci is at least one

21
Q

What is partial linkage?

A

likelihood of crossever between loci is greater than zero but less than one

22
Q

what is a wild type allele?

A

non-mutant form of a gene, encodings the normal genetic function, typically non dominant

Biology 10 (7 decks)

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