Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Musculoskeletal II > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the anatomical structures of the elbow capsule and their functions

A

ulnar collateral ligament, radial collateral ligament complex (annular, lateral ulnar collateral, radial collateral, and accessory lateral collateral ligaments)
functions:
•Resists joint distraction, hyper-extension and valgus stress. (Safran & Baillargeon, 2005)
•Most lax at 80 degrees of flexion
•Position of comfort after injury
•Risk of flexion contracture
•Ligaments inter-digitate with the capsule and contribute to reinforcing the capsule.
•Wrist and hand muscles contribute to reinforcing the capsule.
`

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

functional elbow motion and forearm

A

-30 to 130

50 to 50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

common areas for elbow tendinitis

A

lateral tendinosis: poor quality tendon
failed tendon healing, pain with resisted wrist extension
medial: pain with resisted wrist flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

contents of the mobile wad of three

A

brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

elbow mobilization devices such as orthosis and continuous passive motion machines

A

hinged elbow splint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

treatment for lateral epicondylitis

A
  • ice, heat, ionto
  • anti-inflammatories
  • stretch and strengthen wrist extensors
  • counterforce brace
  • soft tissue techniques
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

treatment for medial epicondylitis

A
  • ice, heat, ionto
  • anti-inflammatories
  • stretch and strengthen wrist extensors
  • counterforce brace
  • soft tissue techniques
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

treatment for MCL

A
  • hinged elbow orthosis to prevent vagus deformity
  • tommy john surgery for
    severe
  • strengthen elbow mx and flexors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

treatment for LCL

A
  • hinged or static orthosis to prevent varus deformity

- strengthen elbow mx and extensors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

treatment for posterior dislocations

A
  • elbow and wrist orthosis with forearm in neutral
  • remove 3-5x day for safe motion (unstable at 0-20 deg extension)
  • edema control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

possible causes for frozen shoulder

A

Underlying pathology of Frozen shoulder: adhesive capsulitis, impingement syndrome, peri arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Determine the contributions of the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints

A

*Functional motions of the shoulder girdle:
scapulothoracic joint not a true synovial joint, provides rotation of the scapula on the chest wall
sternoclavicular joint acts as a radius of limb-girdle motion
acromioclavicular joint: provides adaptive motion between the clavicle and scapula
scapular motion realistic to A-C joint:
Phase I: SC elevation and AC posterior tilt = 16° scapula upward rotation
Phase II & III: SC elevation & posterior rotation = 2° scapula posterior tilt
Phase II & III:SC retraction and AC internal rotation = 2° scapula external rotation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

scapular force coupling

A

upward rotation, posterior tilt, and external rotation

scapular force couple muscles: all fibers of trapezius and serratus anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

shoulder sequential evaluation

A

history

  • insidious (sleeping, sports, working)
  • traumatic (mechanism, surgery)
  • upper quarter screen –> AROM –> PROM –> palpation, mobilization, special tests –> treatment plan
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

capsular restrictions and ROM lost in individuals with adhesive capsulitis

A

Recognize capsular restrictions and ROM lost in individuals with adhesive capsulitis.
Underlying pathology of Frozen shoulder: adhesive capsulitis, impingement syndrome, peri arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

clinical phases of adhesive capsulitis

A

Freezing/inflammatory: 3-9 mo, pain worse at night, starts as dull ache and becomes more severe over time
Frozen: loss of motion, dull achy pain, capsular fibrosis
Thawing: regained motion, decreased pain, increased ADLs, capsular hypovascularity

17
Q

client presentations of adhesive capsulitis

A 
thickening capsule with contracture
obliteration of inferior recess
chronic inflammation
fibrosis of synovial layer
synovial adhesions
decreased synovial fluid
18
Q

post-op interventions for clients with a rotator cuff repair

A

Protection phase: 0-2 weeks post op
patient education
no exercise
Protection phase: 2-6 weeks post op
protected PROM (avoid passive or active extension and internal rotation)
Protection to Mobilization phase: 6-12 weeks
AAROM-AROM and protected PROM
Mobilization phase: 8-12 weeks and 12-120 weeks
exercises with increased EMG supraspinatus activity
Strengthening phase: 20 weeks

19
Q

intrinsic and extrinsic factors of shoulder impingement

A 
Intrinsic:
degeneration of rotator cuff, tears
bursa inflammation
mal union fractures
anatomic variations of acromion from trauma (type II or III)
Extrinsic: 
poor posture
glenohumeral muscle imbalance (weak RC)
tightness in glenohumeral joint capsule
encroachment of greater tuberosity on subacromial tissue
periscapular muscular imbalance
20
Q

Determine intervention progressions for shoulder impingement (early, intermediate and late phases of healing)

A

For extrinsic (bursal or articular sided tears)
stage I: edema/hemorrhage
stage II: fibrosis/tendinosis
stage III: permanent thickening of tendon
stage IV: tendon tears/ruptures, bone spurs
For intrinsic:
degenerative tendon, muscle dysfunction, chronic inflammation, avascular tendon
Early goals: reduce pain (modify activities, patient education, maintain motion, promote blood flow, mobilization, stretching)
Intermediate goals: strengthening/endurance of shoulder girdle stabilizers (initiate stabilization exercises with low/upper trap to serratus/low trap ratios)
Late phase goals: strengthening and endurance in functional positions

21
Q

anatomical locations of upper extremity amputations

A 
ratio of arm to leg amputations is 1:3
primary cause of arm amputation: trauma
Transhumeral: above elbow
Transradial: below elbow
primary cause of leg amputations: vascular disease and diabetes
22
Q

Explain varying types of prosthesis and how they operate

A

No prosthesis
Passive prosthesis: systems that do not possess the ability to actively position/grasp/release; functions to protect limb, support/stabilize objects, social acceptance
Conventional body-powered prosthesis: uses motions from the proximal body to operate the device)
simple, low cost, reliable, may restrict some movement, patient exerts effort
voluntary opening: colitional force and excursion of the cable, prehension force is dictated by number of rubberbands
voluntary closing: allows for graded prehensile force, higher forces can be applied through cabling system
Externally powered prosthesis/myoelectric: uses power external to the body; muscle contractions to operate
wrist units: hook and hand, ball and socket
no harness, can get more types of motions, frequently prescribed for transradial amputations, electrode alignment
Hybrid prosthesis: combination of body powered and myoelectric
electrically powered elbow with a body powered terminal device; use proprioceptive feedback from the cable system and inputs from electromechanical stimulation
Activity specific prosthesis

23
Q

Determine the best methods for wrapping a residual limb with elastic bandages

A

Goals: shrink and shape residual limb so that it is tapered at the distal end; want rounded end
Rigid dressings: protects limb from trauma, early prosthetic fit, effective in controlling edema, requires skill to put on and off
Shrinkers: easily applied, more consistent pressure, easier to maintain, loses elasticity when washed, more expensive
Elastic wraps: pressure can be customized and graded to reduce edema, adjustable compression, inexpensive, cannot self apply with UE, needs frequent reapplying

24
Q

treatment interventions to address phantom limb pain

A

OT treatment: patient education, management of residual limb, strengthening and ROM, prosthetic specifics, ADL training, psychosocial adjustment
UE Pre-Prosthetic Program: 1) wash limb daily with mild soap and dry; 2) provide wound cleansing; 3) use appropriate creams to massage at the suture line to loosen crust

TENS, acupuncture, psychotherapy/hypnosis, mirror therapy, desensitization, edema management, positioning for ROM

Musculoskeletal II (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions