Quiz 2 Flashcards
A 55-year-old patient with a history of CVD and pulmonary edema presents to his physician for a check-up. His hypertension and edema are under control, but he complains of tinnitus (ringing) in his left ear. Which drug was he most likely prescribed that led to this issue?
furosemide
chlorothiazide
indapamide
ethacrynic acid
furosemide
Physical signs of inherited dyslipidemia do NOT directly include which of the following?
coreal arcus
planar xanthomas
xanthelasma
carotid bruits
carotid bruits
According to Levensky et al. (required readings), motivational interviewing is which of the following?
a directive, client-centered counseling style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence.
helps people resolve ambivalent feelings and insecurities to find the internal motivation they need to change their behaviour.
an evidence-based approach that helps patients follow recommendations.
a technique to help individuals challenge their patterns and beliefs and replace errors in thinking.
an evidence-based approach that helps patients follow recommendations.
A 40-year-old smoker presents to his cardiologist. He leads a sedentary life style and smokes a pack of cigarettes every day, but has vowed to quit within a month of his visit. He succeeds, with the aid of NRT. Which of the following would be true once he has quit?
Select all that apply.
risk of coronary artery disease is reduced by 20-50% after 1 year
risk of myocardial infarct drops within 24 hours
risk of dying equal to that of a non-smoker within 5 years
risk of stroke decreases within 24 hours
- risk of coronary artery disease is reduced by 20-50% after 1 year
- risk of myocardial infarct drops within 24 hours
- risk of stroke decreases within 24 hours
A 29 year old pregnant women presents to her obstetrician for prenatal care. Her pregnancy has been progressing well w/no major concerns. The obstetrician orders several blood tests and performs a physical exam. Vital signs at the time include:
Temp: 37 degrees, pulse: 85 per min, BP: 152/91 mmHg. The patient has no complaints and the primary cause of her visit is to ask to obstetrician about the possibility of exercise during pregnancy. Which of the following would be the best drug choice for her hypertension?
a) methyldopa
b) propranalol
c) captopril
d) minoxidil
NOT b) propranalol
Nicotine is the addictive and psychoactive compound in cigarettes, but thousands of other toxins and combustion products are also present. Several of these compounds are known carcinogens. Which of the following is NOT a carcinogen commonly found in tobacco smoke?
a) benzopyrene
b) acrylamide
c) nitrosamines
d) nickel
NOT nickel
According to Zimmerman et a. (required readings), “Behaviour changes is rarely a disease, single event, the patient moves gradually from being uninterested (_________ stage) to considering a change (______________ stage) to deciding and preparing to make a change (______________ stage). Fill in the blanks with the appropriate terms.
a) Precontemplation, contemplation, action
b) contemplation, precontemplation, action
c) preconsidering, considering, active
d) considering, preconsidering, action
a) Precontemplation, contemplation, action
Which of the following are true for patients w/dual diagnoses of diabetes and hypertension? Select all that apply
a) reversible risk factors include high alcohol intake and obesity
b) The threshold for diagnosis of hypertension is 140/90 mmHg
c) Up to 80% of patients w/diabetes die of CVD
d) Most patients w/diabetes have hypertension
a) reversible risk factors include high alcohol intake and obesity
c) Up to 80% of patients w/diabetes die of CVD
d) Most patients w/diabetes have hypertension
Based on an 1997 New England Journal of Medicine article, the FRS and Relative Risk are highest for which levels of novel CVD biomarker, C-reactive protein?
a) 1.0 - 2.0 mg/L
b) > 3.0 mg/L
c) 2.0-3.0 mg/L
d) < 1.0 mg/L
b) > 3.0 mg/L
A 60 year old woman w/a history of hypertension presents to her primary caregiver. She has been taking captopril for the past 6 months, and her BP is currently 125/85 mmHg. Her chief complaint is her persistent dry cough, since beginning her captopril regimen. Which of the following would be the best drug for her physician as an alternative to captopril?
a) an ACEI
b) losartan
c) aliskiren
d) spironolactone
b) losartan
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the FRS?
a) It is a useful predictor of 10-year risk of a coronary event
b) It is best utilized in combination w/other risk predictor tools
c) Its generalizability is limited case its based on studies primarily done in white males
d) It is a useful predictor of lifetime risk of coronary disease
d) It is a useful predictor of lifetime risk of coronary disease
A 40 year old smoker presents to his cardiologist. He has been experiencing chest pain when walking up hills and going up stairs. He leads a very sedentary life style and smokes a pack of cigs every day. His BP at the time of his visit is 146/89 mmHg. His blood tests show an abnormal lipid profile and his current BMI is 35. The patient could benefit from which of the following? Select all that apply
a) Counselling about smoking cessation
b) The use of a alpha-1 receptor agonist
c) Engaging in physical activity
a) Counselling about smoking cessation
c) Engaging in physical activity
