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Product Development > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Materials

A

Fibers, yarns, fabrics & findings

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2
Q

Color management

A

A way of communicating color from the product developer through the manufacturing process to the marketplace

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3
Q

Metamerism

A

The phenomenon of two colors looking alike under one light source and different under another

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4
Q

Strike off

A

A print repeat block with the actual color placement and color key for all of the colors in the print

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5
Q

Colorway

A

Colors used in a print, woven, or Fair Isle design

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6
Q

Findings

A

Component materials for garments or products that include support materials, closures thread, elastics, and labels

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7
Q

Interlining

A

A support layer used to add structure to a garment or product. These fabrics are available in woven, knit, and nonwoven forms that are either sew-in or fusible

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8
Q

Fabrication

A

Process of selecting fabrics that will be used for a seasonal line, groups within a line, and each style within a group

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9
Q

Fabric story

A

The fabrics chosen for a particular season or group

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10
Q

Fabric collections

A

Materials that are designed based on a theme. All fabrics within the collection complement each other because of their related patterns but are not so closely matched as to be worn or used together

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11
Q

Fabric coordinates

A

Materials that are specifically designed with the intent to be used together in the same ensemble or in a coordinated group

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12
Q

Basic fabrics

A

Commonly used core materials that do not change much from year to year beyond the addition of new colors, patterns, finishes, or the addition of a special fiber to aid in performance. These fabrics act as the foundation for a group. Performance is a primary selection factor.

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13
Q

Novelty/fashion fabrics

A

Materials possessing unusual weaves, knits, prints, patterns, colors and textures that help differentiate a group and add uniqueness; aesthetic appeal and fashion focus are primary selection factors. Typically more expensive than basic goods.

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14
Q

Sample yardage

A

Fabric that is purchased for the intent of design exploration during line development

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15
Q

Production yardage

A

The specific amount of fabric that will be needed to fulfill orders for production. This commitment is made by the product developer

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16
Q

Turnaround time

A

The lead time required for making, dyeing and finishing the fabric/materials/findings in order to meet the delivery date determined by the production schedule

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17
Q

Fabric specification package

A

A design sheet with a picture of a development sample, a technical flat drawing for the product, and a fabrication request that indicates a range of acceptable fabrics

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18
Q

Hand

A

The tactile qualities of a fabric as they are affected by fiber content, yarn, fabric construction and finishing

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19
Q

Drapeability

A

How the fabric hangs, falls, bends, flows

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20
Q

Fabric certification

A

A statement of compliance to fabric specifications

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21
Q

Open stock materials

A

Common fabrics in basic colors created by converters that are available for immediate delivery

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22
Q

Converters

A

Develop printed fabrics for open stock or print confined print designs

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23
Q

Confined print designs

A

Exclusive runs of prints either designed by an apparel firm or by a fabric design studio

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24
Q

Special structural designs

A

Exclusive runs of woven or knitted fabrics developed by working with mill

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25
Q

Put-up

A

The manner in which the fabric is folded or rolled by the vendor; typical roll size is 60” x 100 yds. This term is also used to refer to the type of spool or cone that thread is purchased on.

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26
Q

Support materials

A

Interlinings and lining materials

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27
Q

Lining

A

A light-weight fabric that is sewn into a garment to provide a finished appearance to the inside of the garment and can also provide support, opacity for sheer fabrics, comfort, and retention of shape

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28
Q

Support devices

A

Add shape and form a garment. Examples include shoulder pads, sleeve heads, collar stays, boning, seam tape, bra cups

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29
Q

Closures

A

Fastenings that adjust the garment to fit the body and my also contribute to the aesthetic appeal of a garment or product. Examples include: zippers, buttons & button holes, hook & eyes, snaps, belts, velcro, ties, frogs, toggles, etc.

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30
Q

Labels

A

Printed or woven attachments to garments or products written information for the consumer

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31
Q

Trims

A

Decorative materials or surface treatments that embellish a garment or product

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32
Q

Linear trims

A

Form lines on the surface or edges of a garment or product. Examples include decorative edging & seams, topstitching, edge-stitching, hem-stitching, piping, cording, ribbon, braid, lace, beading, etc.

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33
Q

Surface embellishments

A

Additions to a garment to create decorative appeal. Examples include appliqué, embroidery, beading, screen printing, etc.

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34
Q

Decorative details

A

Decorative details that are created through the manipulation of fabric. Examples include ruffles, flounces, smocking

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35
Q

Ligne

A

The measurement designation for button size. Measurement taken across the diameter of the button

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36
Q

Buying

A

Involves contracting another firm to produce products and affix your brand label

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37
Q

Bid package

A

Basis of negotiating price, delivery, and direct cost estimating

38
Q

Making

A

Involves production of materials &/or finished product

39
Q

Direct cost estimate

A

includes cost of materials, direct labor costs, and variable costs of factory usage (start-up or training)

40
Q

Price quote

A

Estimated purchase price of the product

41
Q

Required capacity

A

Total need for output of materials, product parts, or finished goods in a specific period of time at the expected quality level

42
Q

Demonstrated capacity

A

The volume of output that a plant, or machine is capable of producing

43
Q

Sourcing

A

The practice of procuring products made elsewhere, usually plants owned by others

44
Q

Sourcing mix

A

The combination of resources utilized for production

45
Q

Multiple sourcing strategy

A

Contracting several factories to produce product

46
Q

Full package suppliers

A

Contractors, trading companies, or agents who source materials and provide design, pattern making, cutting, sewing, quality assurance, packaging, and shipping services

47
Q

Full-package manufacturing

A

Fabric and garment production is supplied by a textile manufacturer

48
Q

Letter of credit

A

A letter authorizing a firm’s bank to pay the exporting contractor once the contracted goods are loaded on the shipping vessel

49
Q

Production

A

Converting materials into completed salable garments/products

50
Q

Wet processing

A

Used to soften fabric, preshrink garments, or to change the final appearance of a garment via color removal, color addition, or application of a chemical finish to provide wrinkle or soil resistance

51
Q

Finishing

A

The process of trimming threads, conducting final inspections, repairing defects, pressing, folding, tagging, and packaging

52
Q

Carrier

A

The mode of transportation used to move the garments

53
Q

Production pattern development

A

A pattern is created for manufacturing and is modified from the prototype pattern in order to meet the needs of the design and manufacturing restrictions and costs

54
Q

Grading

A

The process of increasing and decreasing the dimensions of all of the pattern pieces needed for a garment/product to creating all of the sizes within a specified range

55
Q

Marker making

A

A paper or digital template to establish the cutting lines for the pattern pieces

56
Q

Fabric spreading

A

Material is laid out in hundreds of plies on long tables in preparation for cutting

57
Q

Cutting

A

A laser, water jet, or a hand-guided straight knife is used to cut all of the pattern pieces in all of the size ranges in preparation for assembly

58
Q

Off loading

A

The process of removing the cut garments from the cutting table

59
Q

Shade marking

A

The process of identifying different dye lots from the various rolls of fabrics that were spread to ensure exact color match for all garment components

60
Q

Floor ready

A

Merchandise goes directly from the truck to the retail sales floor without passing through the retailer’s distribution center

61
Q

Work flow

A

Movement of materials and garment parts through conversion process

62
Q

Throughput volume

A

Amount of work that can be completed in a specified amount of time

63
Q

Throughput time

A

Amount of time it takes for a single unit of a style to move through the production process, cutting to shipping; projects production time for scheduling to meet delivery

64
Q

Work in progress

A

Number of garments under construction at any given time

65
Q

Materials handling

A

Concerned with efficient movement of goods through production process

66
Q

Bundles

A

Garment parts needed to complete a specific garment component

67
Q

Plant layout

A

Spatial arrangement and configuration of departments, work stations, and equipment used in the production process

68
Q

Line oriented

A

Each unit is produced exactly the same and operations are performed in a specific sequence. Used for high volume of identical items

69
Q

Skill center

A

Production sequence varies with each style put into production. Garment parts are bundled by operation and machines are grouped according to type of operation performed

70
Q

Production system

A

Integration of materials handling, production processes, personnel, and equipment that directs work flow and generates finished products

71
Q

Progressive bundle system

A

Traditional assembly line production where bundles of garment are manually moved from operation to operation

72
Q

Unit production system

A

Similar to the progressive bundle system but overhead transporters are used to move garment components from one workstation to another

73
Q

Modular production system

A

A team works on the efficient completion of one garment at a time versus a bundle of garments. Garment is passed from one station to another within the module and workers share responsibility of quantity and quality of output

74
Q

Flexible manufacturing

A

A production strategy that provides the capability to quickly produce a variety of styles in small runs without defects. Responsive to customer demand — small orders and short lead time

75
Q

Value-added

A

A production strategy that eliminates unnecessary operations and handling that doesn’t add value to product. Each person handling adds value and brings closer to market

76
Q

Production planning

A

Coordinating the demand for finished goods with available resources

77
Q

Long-term production

A

Manufacturing quantities are based on projections; push through.

78
Q

Short-term production

A

Manufacturing quantities are based on customer orders; pull through.

79
Q

Production standard

A

Time required to produce a specific style

80
Q

Standard Allowed Minutes (SAM)

A

The time it takes for an operator to complete one operation using a specific method

81
Q

Tariffs

A

Tax on imported goods

82
Q

Quotas

A

Regulate quantities that can be traded internationally. Textile Quotas abolished on January 1, 2005

83
Q

US customs service

A

Administers international trade regulations under Harmonized System of Tariffs

84
Q

Quick response (QR)

A

Time-based competition, agility, and partnering to optimize the supply system, the distribution system, and service to customers

85
Q

Outward processing

A

Special customs regulations that allow garment components that are shipped offshore for finishing (after the completed garments are re-imported) to qualify for special trade benefits

86
Q

Transshipment

A

The process of manufacturing products in one country then the products are shipped to another country and relabeled for export from the second country in order to circumvent quotas and tariffs. This practice is illegal.

87
Q

Domestic sourcing

A

Contracting manufacturing facilities located in the same country as the product developer

88
Q

Domestic licensing

A

A means of extending the value of a product developer’s brand without having to provide the expertise to produce the new product

89
Q

International licensing

A

An alternative to exporting that provides a means for well-known brands to establish an presence in global markets without establishing a manufacturing or distribution presence offshore

90
Q

Agents

A

Hired to direct US sourcing managers on trade laws, language, and production capabilities of manufacturers

91
Q

Field inspector

A

An employee of a firm that monitors domestic manufacturing and product quality

92
Q

World Trade Organization (WTO)

A

Primary means of regulating trade rules and regulations world wide

Product Development (6 decks)

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