Quiz 2 Flashcards
List modifiable risk factors for stroke (9)
Hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, atherosclerosis, blood cholesterol levels, high alcohol consumption, head and neck injuries, infections (both viral and bacterial), cigarette smoking
List non-modifiable risk factors for stroke (6)
Age (the risk doubles for every decade after 55); gender (males are at greater risk); race/ethnicity; family hx, genetic tendency + common lifestyle, previous CVA/TIA
What is a TIA?
Transient Ischemic Attack
What is a TIA AKA? (2)
Mini stroke or brain attack
What is the risk for brain injury from TIA?
No permanent injury to the brain
Etiology of a TIA
Caused by a blood clot in the brain artery or a traveling clot, injury to blood vessel, or a narrowing of the blood vessels in the brain.
Risk factors for a TIA
high blood pressure is the greatest risk factor, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, family hx of stroke, high cholesterol, age (over 55), and race.
What is an ischemic stroke?
A blockage in a blood pathway that prevents blood from reaching the brain.
What are the two kinds of ischemic strokes?
Cerebral thrombosis: blood clot at an occluded vessel.
Cerebral embolism: traveling blood clot.
What is a hemorrhagic stroke?
bleeding that prevents the blood from reaching the brain.
What are the two types of hemorrhagic strokes discussed in class?
Aneurysms, and an arteriovenous malformation.
What is the etiology for Broca’s aphasia according to the connectionist model?
Occlusion of the anterior branch of the middle cerebral artery causes Broca’s aphasia.
What is the etiology for Wernicke’s aphasia, according to the connectionist model?
Occlusion of the posterior branch causes Wernicke’s aphasia
What is the etiology for global aphasia, according to the connectionist model?
Occlusion of the main trunk of the middle cerebral artery causes global aphasia
Characteristics that ID Broca’s aphasia (4)
1) Usually right sided hemiparesis or hemiplegia
2) Telegraphic speech, nonfluent
3) Emotional, but cooperative
4) Repeat themselves
Characteristics that ID Wernicke’s aphasia (4)
1) Talk smoothly and excessively
2) circumlocution
3) Few have hemiparesis
4) Impaired comprehension of spoken and written language
Characteristics that ID global aphasia (4)
1) severe impairments in all language functions
2) Cursing
3) Use over-learned phrases
4) Few can read even simple words
Characteristics that ID conduction aphasia (4)
1) Grossly impaired repetition
2) Relatively preserved language comprehension
3) Handwriting is well-formed and legible
Characteristics that ID transcortical aphasia
Look up
“Dubeid” for shoe
Neologism
“Sweater” for jacket
Semantic/Verbal
“Babana” for banana
Literal/phonemic
“Emo donodo oh tah beigo” for ????
Jargon
“pencil” for pen
semantic/verbal
“yellow stick” for pencil
literal interpretation
“little bit, little bit” for almost every response
Perseverative Stereotypy
“hot hog” for hot dog
literal/phonemic
“…and we went to that place that’s way around the corner and you can buy good food and drinks but the parking is difficult… you know that place that’s been here for a long time…”
Circumlocution
“… uh… mother and dad… no … mother … and and dishes… uh… runnin over… and water…”
agramatic/telegraphic
“I went down to the thing to do the other one and she was only the last there, so I never did.”
Empty speech
