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ARC 242 Woods tech > quiz 2 > Flashcards

quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is an anchor bolt?

A

a fastener that anchors a masonry or concrete element to wood framework

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2
Q

depth of embedding for an anchor bolt

A

it needs to be embedded into the top of the foundation walls 7” and stick out far enough to revive the framework

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3
Q

distance anchor bolts can be from one another

A

they are 1/2” diameter at 6’ o.c. max (max 6 feet apart; 1’ max from corner

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4
Q

What is a hold down

A

fastener used to prevent uplift at specific location like corners

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5
Q

what is a sill sealer

A

fibrous felt used to reduce air infilitraiton

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6
Q

what is a termite sheild

A

piece of metal that helps prevent termites from reaching the wood elements of your construciton

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7
Q

what is a sill plate and the material it is

A

typically a single 2x member that connects the wood frame system to the foundation, typically made of pressure treated lumber

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8
Q

what is a joist

A

spaning member in a wlf constructed floor

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9
Q

what is a rim joist

A

the exterior member of a wlf floor system that attached the ends of the joist together and helps prevent lateral buckling

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10
Q

similarity of joists and rim joist

A

they ar both nailed down to the sill plate

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11
Q

typical joist spacing for a floor

A

16” o.c. and typically spans the shortest distance in a floor

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12
Q

when is an intermediate beam needed in flooring

A

if the span is too great

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13
Q

what is a bay

A

a portion of a building that cantilevers out over space and unsupported directly below

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14
Q

what is the ratio for cantilever joists

A

1/3:2/3
1/3= max lenght that can be unsupported hanign
2/3= min length of joist support

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15
Q

what is a trimmer?

A

members running along the sides of an opening, almost always doubled up-vertical

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16
Q

what is a header

A

members runing along the front of a stair opening where the stair meets the floor, almost always doubled up-horizontal

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17
Q

bearing partiions vs nonbearing partitions

A

non bearing walls support no weight and divide spaces, bearing walls holdup part of the house LOOK AT SLIDES 33-4 IN FLOORS POWERPOINT

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18
Q

sustainable practices for floor framing

A

advanced framing: engineered wood joists, 24” o.c. spacing, maximize spans between supports

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19
Q

how should all members be attached in a floor system?

A

all members should be continuous of adequately attached at intermediate bearing points or where joining two members together is necessary

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20
Q

what is blocking

A

an intermediate support against lateral buckling of joist

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21
Q

what is a scab

A

a short framing member used to join joist together

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22
Q

what does blocking and bridging provide

A

it provides intermediate support as required-not always required, but if required typically 8’ oc

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23
Q

what to do when floor joist need to be attached to non-wood surfaces

A

wood needs to be used as an intermediary connection

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24
Q

What are typical sheathing materials and their sizes

A

plywood and OSB
4’x8’ sheets with 5/8-3/4” thickness

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25
Q

what is floor sheathering (sub-floor)

A

a structual component of a building that carries loads to the joists while also tying them together and proving lateral resistance

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26
Q

what is floor underlayment

A

a non-structural component that sits on top of the subfloor to provide and adequate surface of flooring

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27
Q

tips to layer sub-floor

A
  • stagger the pannels
  • lay perpendicular to the joists
  • leave 1/8” gap b/t panels
  • specific nail patterns
  • glue to the joist to provide full combined structural system
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28
Q

what is a common stud

A

the typical framing member of wlf wall

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29
Q

how walls intersect: corner conditions

A

-typically done with 3 studs in one of two arrangements
-corners need to resist lateral loads
- corners need to b provided proper nailing surfaces for finishes

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30
Q

how wall intersect: t intersections

A
  • have 3 studs, 4 stud, and ladder option
  • need to provide proper nailing surfaces for finishes
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31
Q

typical vs sustainable framing for walls

A

typical: 2x4 or 2x6 with studs at 16” o.c.
sustainable: 2x6 with studs at 24” o.c.

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32
Q

typical coordinated lumber for wall heights

A

7’-8 5/8” studs = 8 ft ceilings
8’-8 5/8” suds = 9ft ceilings

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33
Q

what is a sole plate

A

bottom plate not in contact with the foundation

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34
Q

what is a sill plate

A

bottom plate in contact with foundation ( needs to be treated or decay resistant

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35
Q

what is a top plate

A

the members of the WALL that takes the applied load from above and distributes it to ht vertical structural members in the wall- typically top plats are DOUBLE members- continuity is critical

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36
Q

sustainable practices in walls

A

-single member top plate instead of double
-galvanized metal plates as the preferred means of connection
-master framing layout needed

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37
Q

what is a master framing layout

A

plans indicating area of all relevant parts pertaining to framing

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38
Q

what is a king stud

A

full height stuf on either side of a wall opening ( may be 1 or more depending on lateral load)

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39
Q

what is a jack/trimmer stud

A

partial heigh studs that support the header beam above the window or door

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40
Q

what is a header or double header

A

the beam supporting the load above a window or door (sometimes oversized to remove need for cripple stud)

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41
Q

what is a cripple stud

A

partial height stud that fills in above the header and below the sill at an opening

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42
Q

what is a rough sill

A

the horizonatal member tha sits below the opening of a window

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43
Q

what are the best sustainable practices for framing openings

A
  • placement of windows
  • efficient use of material
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44
Q

what is wall sheathing

A

a panel system attached to the exterior face of the frame wall

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45
Q

what does wall sheathing provide?

A
  • base for exterior finishes
  • a nailing base for weather barrier
  • a lateral load resisting component
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46
Q

how much of a building needs to be sheathed

A

only part of a building is required to be sheathed for structural stability, but most are sheathed completely

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47
Q

what to consider when choosing a wall siding or cladding

A
  • water resistance
  • ease of installation
  • energy efficiency
  • aesthetics
  • versatility
    -durability
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48
Q

what is plywood siding

A

typically 4x8’ exterior grade plywood panels oriented vertically
-horizontal joints must be protected with flashing

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49
Q

what is wood shingle siding

A

uniform overlapped course of wood shingles

50
Q

what is horizontal board siding?

A

horizontal boards laid in an overlapping fashion to create a weather barrier

51
Q

characteristics of horizontal board sizing

A
  • can be made from wood, plywood, harboard, vinyl, etc
    -come in variety of finishes, colors, styles, that vary by material
  • corners are typically treated with vertical boards acting as a stop fo the siding
52
Q

what is exposure

A

the width of the siding minus the overlap of the pieces

53
Q

what is vertical board siding

A

vertical boards which interlock or overlay to create the wether barrier

54
Q

what is stucco

A

a course plaster
made of portland or masonry cement, sand lime, and water
applied to a wall surface to create a hard weather and fire resistant finish

55
Q

how is stucco applied

A

typically applied in 3 coats ( scratch, brown, finish) and sits on an expanded metal lath

56
Q

what does stacco need to stop cracking

A

control joints to stop cracks from expansion and contractions

57
Q

what is eifs

A

exterior insulation and finish system
- two coat synthetic material applied right over rigid foam insulation panels in a manner similar to stucco

58
Q

why does eifs have good energy efficiency

A

uses insulation board on the exterior of the structure (no thermal bridges)

59
Q

what is masonry veneer

A

a single wythe of masonry (brick) which serves as a weather barrier for the wall
- anchored to but not bonded to the wall structure
-must be properly drained
-air cavity exists between veneer and structure to allow water to drain away

60
Q

what is a hip roof

A

a rood having a sloping ends meeting an inclined projecting angle

61
Q

what is a gable roof

A

a roof that sloped downward in two parts from a central ridge, so as to form a gable at each end

62
Q

what is a gabrel roof

A

a gable style roof that had each side divided into a low slope area over a high slope area

63
Q

what is a flat roof

A

a roof with minimal slope to allow drainage

64
Q

what is a shed roof

A

a roof which has only a single sloping plan (half of a gable roof or a flat roof with one side elevated higher than the other)

65
Q

what terminology is involved in the description of a roof?

A

ridge, dormer, gable, rake, eave, soffit, hip, valley

66
Q

what is a ridge (roof)

A

the horizontal line of interseciton at the top between tow sloping planes of a roof

67
Q

what is a dormer (roof)

A

projecting structure built out froma sloping roof and housing a vertical window or ventilating louver

68
Q

what is a gable ( roof)

A

the triangular portion of a wall enclosing the end of a pitched roof from ridges to eaves

69
Q

what is a rake (roof)

A

the inclined, usually projecting edge of a sloping roof

70
Q

what is an eave (roof)

A

the overhanging lower edge of a roof plane

71
Q

what is a soffit (roof)

A

the underside of an eave

72
Q

what is a hip (roof)

A

the incline projecting angle formed by the junction of two adjacent sloping sides of a roof

73
Q

what is a valley (roof)

A

the intersection of two inclined roof surfaces toward which rainwater flows

74
Q

how is roof slope categorized?

A

categorized by a ratio
rise:run
4”: 12”
4” rise in roof for ever 12” horizontal distance

75
Q

what is the slope of a flate roof

A

1/4” : 1
minimum slope 1/4”

76
Q

what are appropriate materials for a medium slope roof

A

shingles, tiles, or sheet materials

77
Q

what is the typical framing layout of a wlf roof

A

gable type roof with rafter framing (stick framing)

78
Q

what is a rafter (roof)

A

the typical member of a roof framing system

79
Q

what are the typical spacing between rafters

A

12”, 16” or 24”

80
Q

what is a ridge board (roof)

A

the horizontal framing member that supports the rafter at the ridge

81
Q

what is a fly/barge rafter (roof)

A

the end rafter in a gable roof that sit out past the wall

82
Q

what is a lookout (roof)

A

the framing members that support the fly rafters (run perpendicular to the rest of the rafters)

83
Q

what is a header (roof)

A

the framing member runnign perpendicular to the rest of the rafters at a roof opening

84
Q

what is a ceiling joist

A

the ceiling framing, which is independent of the roof framing with a rafter-framed roof

85
Q

what is a hip rafter (roof)

A

the angled rafters that form the junction of the sloping sides of a hip roof (water runs away from them)

86
Q

what is a valley rafter (roof)

A

the angled rafter that form the valley condition between two sloping sides fo a roof (water runs toward them)

87
Q

what is a jack rafter (roof)

A

any rafter that is not the full length of the roof slope

88
Q

what is a purlin (roof)

A

a framing member spanning between rafters to provided additional support

89
Q

what is a purling brace

A

intermediate brace connecting roof rafter to an intermediate support like an interior frame wall

90
Q

what is a ridge board (roof)

A

a non structural horizontal member that simply braces the end of the rafters

91
Q

how do floor/ceiling joists act in a ridge board situation?

A

floor joists or ceiling joists are required to act as structural elements resisting outward thrust in a ridge board situation

92
Q

what can trusses serves as

A

efficient replacement for rafter framing in more regular framing situation

93
Q

how does roof sheathing work

A

similar to floor sheathing
- plywood of OSB
- edges supported with plywood clips, blocking or tongue and groove products to brace edges
- stagger end joints
-run perpendicular to joists
- space with 1/8” gaps
- spans vary based on panel

94
Q

what are some sustainable considerations to look at for roof framing

A

24” spacing members
allighment of roof and wall framing
engineered products
insulation to extend over walld top plate without compression
oversizing of framing to allow for vaulted ceilings
proper ventilation of roof assemblies

95
Q

what is a birdsmouth (roof)

A

a notch in a rafter that allows it to cleaning sit on the top plate of the wall
- should be less than 1/4 of the rafter delpth

96
Q

what is a seat cut (roof)

A

horizontal cut at the lower end of a rafter to allow it to rest on a top plate or other bearing situation

97
Q

what is a lookout (roof)

A

the framing members that support the horizontal soffit (do not exist if soffit is mounted directly to underside of rafters)

98
Q

what is a header (roof)

A

the framing member at the outside edge of the rafter system that ties the ends of all the rafters together

99
Q

what is fascia

A

the finished member that wraps the outside of the rafter framing system
also KNOWN as bargeboard

100
Q

what is a soffit?

A

the finished underside of the eave

101
Q

what is a soffit vent

A

a vent in the soffit that allows for air condition within the roof/attic system

102
Q

what is a frieze board

A

the finished trim member that conceals the edge of the siding and the soffit board

103
Q

what is a ledger

A

the framing member that supports the lookouts at the wall

104
Q

what is a rake trim

A

a secondary trim that conceals the roof sheathing if necessary

105
Q

what is a drip edge

A

a roofing component that keep water away from the fascia

106
Q

what is a collar tie

A

a 2x member used to keep the rafters from separating at the ridge due to lateral loads- typically within the upper third of the roof

107
Q

where can venting be loucated

A

at the ridge or with louvers in the gable end-hot air rises up and out here drawing cooler air in from the eaves below

108
Q

how is roofing material sold

A

by the square
1 square= 100 sqft of roof surface

109
Q

what are key roofing elements

A

roofing materials
roofing underlayment
ice dame protection
roof deck/roof sheathing
flashing

110
Q

what are wood shingles and shakes

A

16-24” long thin wood planks that are layered overlaping courses
shingles are cut, shakes ARE SPLIT

111
Q

what are composition shinges

A

typically 12x36” multi-tabbed sheet of fiberglass or felt-based mat saturated and coated with asphalt and surfaces with granules

112
Q

what are slate shingles?

A

spilt sheets of slate that are layered in overlapping courses

113
Q

what is tile roofing?

A

clay or concrete units that overlap or interlock in courses

114
Q

what is sheet metal roofing?

A

metal panels interlocked with vertical seams
- maybe copper, zinc, galvanized steel
- common type is called standing seam

115
Q

what are gutter systems?

A

component of the roof system that collects water running off the roof and safely carries it to the ground of a storage system

116
Q

what is a gutter?

A

the horizontal collection trough located at the roof eaves

117
Q

what is a leader/downspout

A

the vertical tube that carries the water from the gutter to the ground

118
Q

what is a splash block?

A

a solid element located at the ground end of the downspout that prevents rushing water from eroding the ground

119
Q

where is flashing necessary on roofs

A

needs to be provided anywhere that water can get into the building, which is typically where two different materials or planes of the building come together

120
Q

know the different types of flashing and where they go

A

ridge flashing
valley flashing
shed-to-wall flashing
eave flashing
large penetration flashing
small penetration flashing

ARC 242 Woods tech (11 decks)

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