Quiz #2

Question 1

You were watching a soccer match, looking at a player at the far end of the field. Suddenly, a butterfly lands on the tip of your nose so you change your focus to look at the nearby butterfly. For you to see the butterfly clearly, your _____ must change its shape by becoming _____.
a.
cornea; thicker

b.
lens; thicker

c.
lens; flatter

d.
cornea; flatter

Answer 1

b.
lens; thicker

Question 2

The light-sensitive visual pigments in the eye are found in the _____.

a.
outer segments of the rods and cones

b.
cornea

c.
pigment epithelium

d.
inner segments of the rods and cones

Answer 2

a.
outer segments of the rods and cones

Question 3

It takes about ___ minutes for cone photopigments to regenerate completely when we are in the dark, and it takes more than ___ minutes for rod photopigments to regenerate completely, a finding that Rushton argues explains the dark adaptation curve.

a.
5; 50

b.
6; 30

c.
30; 10

d.
15; 15

Answer 3

b.
6; 30

Question 4

Starting from the back of the eye and moving forward toward the front of the eye, you would encounter the following cells in this order:

a.
photoreceptors, retinal ganglion cells, bipolar cells

b.
bipolar cells, photoreceptors, retinal ganglion cells

c.
retinal ganglion cells, bipolar cells, photoreceptors

d.
photoreceptors, bipolar cells, retinal ganglion cells

Answer 4

d.
photoreceptors, bipolar cells, retinal ganglion cells

Question 5

The rods and cones have different shapes and they are also distributed differently across the retina. For instance, the fovea contains only ___ whereas the peripheral retina contains ___.

a.
rods; many more cones than rods

b.
cones; many more cones than rods

c.
rods; only cones

d.
cones; many more rods than cones

Answer 5

d.
cones; many more rods than cones

Question 6

In the condition ___, the peripheral rod receptors on the retina are damaged first which results in poor vision in the peripheral visual field.

a.
retinitis pigmentosa

b.
blind spot degeneration

c.
hyperopia

d.
macular degeneration

Answer 6

a.
retinitis pigmentosa

Question 7

There are two primary factors that cause myopia: in ___ the cornea and/or the lens bends light too much so the image is not focused sharply on the retina; in ___ the eyeball is too long for the corresponding optics.

a.
refractive myopia; axial myopia

b.
retinitis pigmentosa; glaucoma

c.
presbyopia; hyperopia

d.
axial myopia; refractive myopia

Answer 7

a.
refractive myopia; axial myopia

Question 8

At the beginning of a study of dark adaptation, the participant’s threshold will be rather high, indicated by a sensitivity that is rather ___. After about ___ minutes in the dark, the participant’s threshold will be much ___.

a.
low; 3-4; lower

b.
high; 20-30; higher

c.
low; 20-30; lower

d.
high; 7-10; lower

Answer 8

c.
low; 20-30; lower

Question 9

Jasmine is enjoying a walk in the garden at the end of the afternoon. As the daylight begins to fade, she notices that the green foliage of the rose bushes looks much brighter to her than the reds of the roses. This shift in the perceived brightness of colors in the red versus green part of the spectrum is known as the ___ effect.

a.
propagated response

b.
rod-cone break

c.
Purkinje

d.
Rushton

Answer 9

c.
Purkinje

Question 10

An excitatory neural response occurs when the inside of a neuron becomes more positive, a process called ___.

a.
hyperpolarization

b.
axonal invigoration

c.
depolarization

d.
convergence

Answer 10

c.
depolarization