Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

lymphatic vessels consist of a clear colorless fluid known as

A

lymph ( used to be plasma)

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2
Q

the purpose of lymphatic vessels is to

A

transport lymph

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3
Q

a network of organs and vein like vessels that recover fluid are

A

lymphatic vessels

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4
Q

what are lymphatic capillaries?

A

ends of lymphatic vessels that allow fluid to enter

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5
Q

what is the purpose of lacteals

A

they absorb dietary lipids that aren’t absorbed by the blood capillaries in lipid absorption

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6
Q

lacteals appear

A

white and milky

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7
Q

how much intersitial fluid is recovered from the lymphatic vessels?

A

15% water and half of plasma proteins, half of total blood volume

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8
Q

blood capillaries reabsorb

A

85%

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9
Q

lymph has less ___ than plasma

A

protein

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10
Q

Forces that help lymph go to the heart include

A

skeletal muscle pump, arterial pulsation, thoracic pump, valves, blood flowing to subclavian veins, exercise

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11
Q

collecting ducts are the ___ lymphatic vessels and empty to ___

A

largest; subclavian veins

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12
Q

what are the lymphatic vessels?

A

lumbar, jugular, subclavian, bronchomediastinal

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13
Q

which blood cells attack parasites?

A

eosinophils

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14
Q

which cells use respiratory burst to produce bleach ( sodium hydroxide)

A

neutrophils

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15
Q

which cells are involved in immune surveillance

A

T cells, B cells, NK cells, antigen presenting cells ( macrophages and dendritic cells)

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16
Q

which cells release perforin ( proteins) ?

A

natural killer cells

17
Q

what are different types of lymphatic organs?

A

thymus, bone marrow ( primary) lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen ( secondary)

18
Q

what type of lymphatic tissues are found in distal intestine?

A

aggregated lymphoid nodules

19
Q

where do T cells mature?

20
Q

what does involution mean?

A

bigger as an infant and smaller with age

21
Q

how does involution effect the thymus?

A

the thymus gets smaller with age

22
Q

antimicrobial protiens are

A

proteins that inhibit microbial reproduction and provide short term, innate immunity to pathogenic bacteria and viruses

23
Q

what are pyrogens

A

Fever inducing proteins

24
Q

what are the signs of inflammations

A

redness, swelling, heat, pain

25
how does cellular immunity work ?
lymphocytes directly attack and destroy foreign cells or diseased host cells body rid of pathogens in human cells kills cells that harbor pathogens
26
what are different types of lymphatic tissues?
lymphoid: aggregations of lymphocytes in connective tissues of mucous membranes lymphatic nodules: dense masses of lymphocytes and macrophages that congregate in response to pathogens
27
how do helper T cells recognize antigens?
cortical epithelial cells release chemicals that stimulate maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors
28
what cells make antibodies ?
B cells
29
two families of antimicrobial proteins
interferons ( released by cells w viruses) complement system ( 30+ proteins that wait for communication and activate with pathogens )
30
This type of immunity is the production of one’s own antibodies in response to infection or natural exposure to an antigen
Natural active immunity
31
Artificial exposure to an antigen to make antibodies
Artificial active immunity
32
Temporary immunity in result from antibodies produced by another person
Natural passive immunity
33
Temporary immunity in response to an injection of immune serum from another person or animal
Artificial passive immunity