Quiz 2 Flashcards
lymphatic vessels consist of a clear colorless fluid known as
lymph ( used to be plasma)
the purpose of lymphatic vessels is to
transport lymph
a network of organs and vein like vessels that recover fluid are
lymphatic vessels
what are lymphatic capillaries?
ends of lymphatic vessels that allow fluid to enter
what is the purpose of lacteals
they absorb dietary lipids that aren’t absorbed by the blood capillaries in lipid absorption
lacteals appear
white and milky
how much intersitial fluid is recovered from the lymphatic vessels?
15% water and half of plasma proteins, half of total blood volume
blood capillaries reabsorb
85%
lymph has less ___ than plasma
protein
Forces that help lymph go to the heart include
skeletal muscle pump, arterial pulsation, thoracic pump, valves, blood flowing to subclavian veins, exercise
collecting ducts are the ___ lymphatic vessels and empty to ___
largest; subclavian veins
what are the lymphatic vessels?
lumbar, jugular, subclavian, bronchomediastinal
which blood cells attack parasites?
eosinophils
which cells use respiratory burst to produce bleach ( sodium hydroxide)
neutrophils
which cells are involved in immune surveillance
T cells, B cells, NK cells, antigen presenting cells ( macrophages and dendritic cells)
which cells release perforin ( proteins) ?
natural killer cells
what are different types of lymphatic organs?
thymus, bone marrow ( primary) lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen ( secondary)
what type of lymphatic tissues are found in distal intestine?
aggregated lymphoid nodules
where do T cells mature?
thymus
what does involution mean?
bigger as an infant and smaller with age
how does involution effect the thymus?
the thymus gets smaller with age
antimicrobial protiens are
proteins that inhibit microbial reproduction and provide short term, innate immunity to pathogenic bacteria and viruses
what are pyrogens
Fever inducing proteins
what are the signs of inflammations
redness, swelling, heat, pain
how does cellular immunity work ?
lymphocytes directly attack and destroy foreign cells or diseased host cells
body rid of pathogens in human cells
kills cells that harbor pathogens
what are different types of lymphatic tissues?
lymphoid: aggregations of lymphocytes in connective tissues of mucous membranes
lymphatic nodules: dense masses of lymphocytes and macrophages that congregate in response to pathogens
how do helper T cells recognize antigens?
cortical epithelial cells release chemicals that stimulate maturing T cells to develop surface antigen receptors
what cells make antibodies ?
B cells
two families of antimicrobial proteins
interferons ( released by cells w viruses)
complement system ( 30+ proteins that wait for communication and activate with pathogens )
This type of immunity is the production of one’s own antibodies in response to infection or natural exposure to an antigen
Natural active immunity
Artificial exposure to an antigen to make antibodies
Artificial active immunity
Temporary immunity in result from antibodies produced by another person
Natural passive immunity
Temporary immunity in response to an injection of immune serum from another person or animal
Artificial passive immunity
