Exam 2

Question 1

special lymphatic vessels called lacteals absorb dietary ___ that are not absorbed by blood capillaries

Answer 1

lipids

Question 2

lymphatic vessels recover about ___ of the fluid filtered by capillaries

Answer 2

15%

Question 3

lymph is similar to blood plasma, but very low in ____

Answer 3

protein

Question 4

which of the following forces does not help lymph flow?

Answer 4

the lymphatic node pump

Question 5

___ are the largest of the lymphatic vessels, and they empty into the ___

Answer 5

collecting ducts;subclavain veins

Question 6

___ are found in the mucous membrane,stnainf guard against parasites and allergens

Answer 6

eosinophils

Question 7

___ employ respiratory burts to produce bacterial chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorite

Answer 7

neutrophils

Question 8

immune surveillance is a process in which ___ nonspecifically detect and destroy foreign cells and diseased host cells

Answer 8

natural killer cells

Question 9

perforin is released by

Answer 9

cytotoxic t cells

Question 10

which of the following is not an example of lymphatic tissue

Answer 10

macrophages

Question 11

which of the following is common in the distal small intestine

Answer 11

aggregated lymphoid nodule

Question 12

t cells achieve immunocompetence in the ____

Answer 12

thymus

Question 13

the ___ show a remarkable degree of degneration with age

Answer 13

thymus

Question 14

which of the following does not belong to the second line of defense

Answer 14

gastric juices

Question 15

__ lacks the capacity to remember a pathogen or react differently to it in the future, whereas __ utilizes memory cells to adapt to a given pathogen and ward it off more easily in the future

Answer 15

innate immunity; adaptive immunity

Question 16

basophils of the blood help to get defensive leukocytes to the site quickly by releasing an anticoagulant called ___ and a vasodilator called ____

Answer 16

heparin;histamine

Question 17

when an enemy cell is present, a ____ secretes perforins, which bore a hole in the enemy cell membrane

Answer 17

natural killer cell

Question 18

___ are secreted by cells infected with viruses alterting neighboring cells and protecting them from becoming infected

Answer 18

interferons

Question 19

__ are antimicrobial protiens

Answer 19

interferons

Question 20

complement fixation cannot lead to ___

Answer 20

endogenous pyrexia

Question 21

a pyrogen is a substance that causes ____

Answer 21

fever

Question 22

the first of a series of neutrophil behaviors in inflammation is ___

Answer 22

margination

Question 23

__ is not a cardinal sign characteristic of inflammation

Answer 23

impaired use

Question 24

which of these cellular agents does not participate in inflammation

Answer 24

cytotoxic t cells

Question 25

one characterisitic of the immune response is specificity. this means that ____

Answer 25

immunity is directed against a particular pathogen

Question 26

cellular immunity is effective against

Answer 26

cancer cells

Question 27

vaccination stimulates ___ immunity

Answer 27

artificial active immunity

Question 28

the serum used for emergency treatment of snakebites stimulates ____ immunity

Answer 28

artificial passive

Question 29

helper T cells recognize antigens when they are boudnd to an ____

Answer 29

major histocompatibility complex protien ( MHC)

Question 30

which of the following cannot act as antigen presenting cells?

Answer 30

T cells

Question 31

cytotoxic t ( tc) cells are like naruteal killer ( nk) cells because they both ____

Answer 31

secrete granzymes and perforin

Question 32

helper t cells do not ___

Answer 32

Secrete fever producing chemicals

Question 33

___ participate in both innate immunity and the immune response

Answer 33

Helper T cells

Question 34

which is the correct sequence of events in the humoral immune response?

Answer 34

antigen recognition, antigen presentation, clonal selection,differentiation, attack

Question 35

before b cells secrete antibodies, they differentiate into ___

Answer 35

plasma cells

Question 36

which of the following is something antibodies antibodies do not do

Answer 36

differentiate into memory antibodies, which re upon re exposure to the same pathogen would mount a quicker attack

Question 37

the humane immunodeficiency virus targets mainly ____

Answer 37

helper t cells

Question 38

one group of proteolytic enzymes secreted by natural killer cells is ____

Answer 38

granzymes

Question 39

the majority of t cells of the naive lymphocyte pool wait for the encounter with foreign antigens in the ____

Answer 39

lymphatic tissues

Question 40

autoimmune diseases are disorders in which the immune system fails to distinguish ___ from foreign ones

Answer 40

self antigens

Question 41

a person who has HIV positive and has a helper t cell count lower than ___ has aids

Answer 41

200 cells

Question 42

which of these organs shrinks significantly by adulthood

Answer 42

thymus

Question 43

which of these is the largest lymphoid organ in the body

Answer 43

spleen

Question 44

t/f pus is made of dead neutrophils macrophages, and other tissue debris from damaged tissue

Answer 44

true

Question 45

t/f do T cells make antibodies?

Answer 45

f