Exam 3

Question 1

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

gas exchange, communication, olfaction, acid base balance, blood pressure regulation, blood and lymph flow, platelet production, blood filtration, expulsion of abdominal contents

Question 2

which of the following is directly related to respiratory production of carbon

Answer 2

regulation of pH

Question 3

the upper respiratory tract extends from the nose through the ______.

Answer 3

larynx

Question 4

what are the most numerous cells in the lungs

Answer 4

dust cells

Question 5

the heart indents into the ____ of the left lung.

Answer 5

cardiac notch

Question 6

the lungs have a total of 5 ____.

Answer 6

lobes

Question 7

which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?
a. the ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder
b. the urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females
c. the kidneys are at the equal heights within the pelvic cavity
d. the right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left

Answer 7

the kidneys are at equal height within the pelvic cavity

Question 8

the ___ is not an organ of the urinary system

Answer 8

liver

Question 9

what are the function of the kidneys?

Answer 9

filter blood and excrete toxic metabolic waste
regulate blood volume, pressure, osmolarity
regulate electrolytes and acid base balance
secrete erthtopoietin
regulate calcium levels ( calcitriol syntheisis)
clear hormones from blood
detoxify free radicals
synthesis glucose from amino acids in starvation

Question 10

which organ system excretes nitrogenous wastes?

Answer 10

the urinary system ( kidney)

Question 11

blood plasma is filtered in the ___

Answer 11

renal corpuscle

Question 12

the average person has approximately ___ nephrons per kidney

Answer 12

1.5

Question 13

aldosterone acts on the ____

Answer 13

distal convoluted tubule

Question 14

which of the following is a direct result of anitdiuretic hormone

Answer 14

decreased urine volume

Question 15

normal urine from a healthy person should not contain

Answer 15

glucose

Question 16

micturition is another term for

Answer 16

urinating

Question 17

which of these structures does urine travel

Answer 17

ureters

Question 18

what is the name of structure at C

Question 19

what is the name of the structure at E

Question 20

most water is reabsorbed from the filtrate by which region of the nephron

Answer 20

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 21

ich region of the nephron is permeable to water but not NACl

Answer 21

collecting ducts *

Question 22

ADH targets whioch region of the renal tubule

Answer 22

collecting ducts

Question 23

An example of chemical digestion is the breakdown of ___ into ____

Answer 23

nucleic acids; nucleotides

Question 24

which of the following is the accessory organ of the digestuion respinsible for producing bile

Answer 24

the liver

Question 25

which of the following is not an accesory organ of digestion?

Answer 25

spleen

Question 26

the layer that is responsible for the motility that propels food and residue through the digestive tract is called the___

Answer 26

muscular externa

Question 27

the outermost layer of the digestive tract, which is composed of a thin layer of areolar tissue and simple squamous epithelium is called the ___

Answer 27

serosa

Question 28

the small intestine is suspended from the abdominal wall by the ____

Answer 28

the mesentery

Question 29

Each of the following lists some of the tissue layers of the digestive tract, which one has them in the correct order from lumen to external surface?

Answer 29

lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa

Question 30

____ is a hormone, whereas ____ is an enzyme

Answer 30

secretin;pepsin

Question 31

the _____ regulate digestive tract motility, secretion and blood flow, its neutrons are found in the ____

Answer 31

enteric nervous system; submucosa and muscularis externa

Question 32

carbohydrate digestion begins in the ___ whereas protein digestion begins in the ___

Answer 32

mouth; stomach

Question 33

which of the following is not normally found in saliva

Answer 33

protease

Question 34

the ___ stores excess glucose and releases it into the blood when needed

Answer 34

liver

Question 35

the ___ synthesizes bile acids by metabolizing _____

Answer 35

liver; cholesterol

Question 36

what are components of the pancreatic juice?

Answer 36

alkaline mixture of water, enzymes, zymogens, sodium bicarbonate, electrolytes

Question 37

which of the following nutrients is absorbed by the lacteals of the small intestine a. water b. vitamins c. proteins d. minerals e. cholesterol

Answer 37

proteins

Question 38

which of the following is not involved in chemical digestion ?

Answer 38

the large intestine

Question 39

which organ does protein digestion begin?

Answer 39

the stomach

Question 40

where does most nutrient absorption occur?

Answer 40

the small intestine

Question 41

where do mass movements occur?

Answer 41

in the transverse, descending, sigmoid colons

Question 42

the ___ regulates the flow of contents from the stomach to the duodenum

Answer 42

pyloric sphincter

Question 43

pepsinogen is produced by ___ and is activated by ___ which is secreted by ___

Answer 43

chief cells; hydrochloric acid; parietal cells

Question 44

which of the following is a function of the stomach

Answer 44

food storage organ break up, liquefies, chemical digestion of protein and fat ( make chyme)

Question 45

necessary for vitamin b12 absorption, __ is/are secreted by ___ cells

Answer 45

intrinsic factor; parietal

Question 46

hydrocholoric acid is secreted by ___ cells

Answer 46

parietal

Question 47

which of the following is not a function of gastric hydrochloric acid?

Answer 47

emulsify lipids

Question 48

the __ phase is associated with food stretching the stomach and activated myenteric and vagovagal reflexes, which stimulate gastric secretions

Answer 48

gastric

Question 49

which are the three phases of gastric secretion

Answer 49

1. cephalic phase, 2. gastric phase, 3. intestinal phase

Question 50

which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system? a. control of ph b. promote flow of lymph and venous blood c. helps regulate blood pressure d. assists in the synthesis of vasodilators e. aid in defecation

Answer 50

d. assists in the synthesis of vasodilators