Quiz 17 Flashcards
When morning came, Caleb had not improved, so the Trappers took him to the pediatrician. A quick examination with the otoscope revealed the following. The examination led to a diagnosis of otitis media (OM), or an ear infection. The picture on the left demonstrates a swollen, red eardrum with a fluid buildup behind the membrane. The immune processes most involved in the inflammation seen behind Caleb’s eardrum would be attributed to:
Vasodilation of capillaries and accumulation of immune cells, fluid or pus
A person who has AIDS contracts rare and often life-threatening infections because their helper T cell count is so low. Which of the following components of the immune response still respond to antigen despite the low helper T cell count?
Clonal selection of B cells
A few months ago Dr. Trapper’s, 4-year-old son, Caleb, woke him up at 3:00 am, complaining that he didn’t feel good. Caleb said his head and ears hurt, and he and his bed were “all wiggly.” He had a runny nose the past few days, but the Trappers had thought nothing of it. Dr. Trapper took Caleb into the bathroom and noticed he looked flushed and his glands appeared swollen compared to normal (see picture).
Dr. Trapper gave Caleb a hug and he felt very hot. A quick check with the thermometer demonstrated he was running a fever of 101.8°F. Caleb didn’t show any other obvious symptoms. While somewhat concerned, Dr. Trapper was not overly worried as Caleb had been a very healthy child and received all his vaccinations.
Which of the following is the most likely possible diagnosis for Caleb?
ear infection
How do phagocytes communicate to other cells what they have captured?
They present antigens from engulfed foreign cells.
Mucous membranes are a part of
innate defense
What is the role of helper T cells in the adaptive immune response?
Helper T cells activate B cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes to kill infected host cells.
A student who caught a cold caused by a specific Rhinovirus was exposed to the exact same Rhinovirus 18 months later. What component of the immune system will protect her from getting the same cold again?
Memory B cells
Which of the following defense systems would be involved in eliminating virally-infected cells?
T lymphocytes
How can a sufficient humoral immune response occur if a plasma cell only lives for a few days?
Each plasma cell can produce up to 2000 antibodies every second.
If this particular antigen attempts to re-infect Caleb, it’s in for a bigger fight. By getting activation of adaptive immune cells such as B-cells and T-cells, the body generates an extra layer of protection. What is a critical advantage for Caleb the next time he encounters this antigen?
Anamnestic (memory) responses and future vaccinations to augment the response
