Quiz 13 Flashcards
Children pick up the culture into which they are born (a process called __________) and people who move from one country to another may gradually learn the culture of their new home (a process called __________).
enculturation; acculturation
Compare these two proverbs from different cultures: “The nail that stands out gets pounded down,” and “The squeaky wheel gets the grease.” The first proverb seems to capture the point of view of a __________ culture, while the second is from a __________ culture.
collectivistic; individualistic
Differences in how much U.S. cities emphasize values such as “fairness, mercy, hope” and “artistic excellence, curiosity, learning” are present in which cultural dimension?
Head versus heart
Different cultures, it seems, developed over long periods of time, in different circumstances and with different problems. Select the correct answer to re-create the model that shows, from left to right, the flow of causation that is inherent to this ecological approach to culture.
ecology, culture, socialization, personality, behavior
Harry Triandis hypothesizes that tight cultures tend to be societies that have what characteristics?
They are ethnically homogeneous and densely populated.
n general, members of __________ cultures spend less time with more people; members of __________ cultures spend more time with fewer people.
individualist; collectivist
In personality psychology, which focuses on the psychological differences between individuals, why does culture often come into play?
Individuals may differ from each other to the extent that they belong to different cultural groups
Individualistic and collectivist societies can be further categorized as either
Vertical or horizontal
Many pedestrians, bicyclists, and skateboarders in Brooklyn, New York, complain about Hassidic Jewish drivers. There is a great and widely accessible body of anecdotal evidence suggesting that Hassidic Jewish drivers are terrors on the road, ignoring traffic signals and all common sense to collide with passersby at every opportunity that could present itself. Those people who fall prey to the idea that, indeed, all Hassidic Jewish drivers are hazards behind the wheel are caught up in what psychological phenomenon?
Outgroup Homogeneity Bias
The comparison between cultures that tolerate very little deviance from the norm and cultures that give great allowance toward the norm is reflected in which dimension of difference?
The tightness-looseness dimension
The idea that some people integrate multiple cultural identities to gain the maximum benefit from each while others experience conflict and stress is called
bicultural identity integration
The universal components of any idea are called __________, and the particular aspects of the same idea are called __________.
etics; emics
There are certain hazards inherent in any discussion of the genetic differences between cultural groups, and several points should always be emphasized in order to avoid the pitfalls of this discourse. Which of the following answers is NOT one of these points?
Digging too deeply could uncover one culture’s superiority to another.
Western cultures are more frequently seen as __________, while Eastern cultures are seen as __________, categories that often center on different definitions of the __________.
individualistic; collectivistic; self
What is cultural relativism
the idea that all cultural views of reality are equally valid