Quiz 12 Flashcards
Post-puberty hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland:
a. Graves disease
b. Diabetes mellitus
c. Cushing syndrome
d. Acromegaly
e. Myxedema
d. Acromegaly
Thyrotoxicosis; hypersecretion of the thyroid gland:
a. Graves disease
b. Diabetes mellitus
c. Cushing syndrome
d. Acromegaly
e. Myxedema
a. Graves disease
Steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex; cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones are examples
corticosteroids
Cavity in the skull that contains the pituitary gland
sella turcica
Steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates glucose, fat, and protein metabolism
glucocorticoid
Tendency of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment
homeostasis
Mineral salt found in the blood and tissues and necessary for proper functioning of cells; potassium is an example
electrolyte
Hormones derived from an amino acid and secreted by the adrenal medulla
catecholamines
Cells of an organ that are affected or stimulated by specific hormones
target tissue
Mimicking or copying the effect of the sympathetic nervous system; adrenaline is an example
sympathomimetic
Steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates mineral salts and water balance
mineralocorticoid
Region of the brain lying below the thalamus; secretes factors and hormones that affect the pituitary gland
hypothalamus
Which is a function of the thyroid gland?
a. Secretes immunologic substances
b. Secretes thymosin
c. Secretes corticosteroids
d. Secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone
e. Secretes thyroxine
e. secretes thyroxine
What is the term for excessive development of mammary tissue in a male?
a. Homeostasis
b. Hypogonadism
c. Galactorrhea
d. Gynecomastia
e. Hypernatremia
d. gynecomastia
Exophthalmos is a symptom of which endocrine disorder?
a. Endemic goiter
b. Thyroid carcinoma
c. Graves disease
d. Nodular goiter
e. Pituitary gland hypertrophy
c. Graves disease
Kal/i is a combining form for which substance?
a. Phosphorus
b. Sodium
c. Calcium
d. Milk
e. Potassium
e. Potassium
Which of the following secretes cortisol?
a. Testes
b. Ovaries
c. Adrenal medulla
d. Adrenal cortex
e. Pituitary gland
d. Adrenal cortex
Which is a description of achondroplasia?
a. Enlargement of extremities
b. Defective cartilage formation that affects bone growth
c. Tumor of the sella turcica
d. Abnormal formation of cartilage in an adult
e. Hyperfunctioning of pituitary gland
b. Defective cartilage formation that affects bone growth
Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland:
a. thyroixine
b. thiroxine
c. thyroxine
c. thyroxine
Characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
a. Gradual onset; patient is asymptomatic
b. Ketoacidosis seldom occurs
c. Treatment is diet and oral hypoglycemic agents
d. Little or no insulin produced
e. Usually occurs after age 30
d. Little or no insulin produced
Hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex
Addison disease
Group of symptoms produced by excess of cortisol from the adrenal cortex
Cushing syndrome
Enlargement of extremities caused by excessive growth hormone after puberty
acromegaly
Excessive hair on the face and body of adult women
hirsutism
Fats are improperly burned, leading to accumulation of ketones in the body
ketoacidosis
Extreme hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood produces this condition
cretinism
Insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone produces this condition
Diabetes insipidus
Lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin to promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells
diabetes mellitus
Enlargement of the thyroid gland
goiter
Enlargement and bulging of the eyeballs caused by hyperthyroidism
exophthalmos
