Quiz 12

Question 1

Post-puberty hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland:

a. Graves disease
b. Diabetes mellitus
c. Cushing syndrome
d. Acromegaly
e. Myxedema

Answer 1

d. Acromegaly

Question 2

Thyrotoxicosis; hypersecretion of the thyroid gland:

a. Graves disease
b. Diabetes mellitus
c. Cushing syndrome
d. Acromegaly
e. Myxedema

Answer 2

a. Graves disease

Question 3

Steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex; cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones are examples

Answer 3

corticosteroids

Question 4

Cavity in the skull that contains the pituitary gland

Answer 4

sella turcica

Question 5

Steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates glucose, fat, and protein metabolism

Answer 5

glucocorticoid

Question 6

Tendency of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment

Answer 6

homeostasis

Question 7

Mineral salt found in the blood and tissues and necessary for proper functioning of cells; potassium is an example

Answer 7

electrolyte

Question 8

Hormones derived from an amino acid and secreted by the adrenal medulla

Answer 8

catecholamines

Question 9

Cells of an organ that are affected or stimulated by specific hormones

Answer 9

target tissue

Question 10

Mimicking or copying the effect of the sympathetic nervous system; adrenaline is an example

Answer 10

sympathomimetic

Question 11

Steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates mineral salts and water balance

Answer 11

mineralocorticoid

Question 12

Region of the brain lying below the thalamus; secretes factors and hormones that affect the pituitary gland

Answer 12

hypothalamus

Question 13

Which is a function of the thyroid gland?

a. Secretes immunologic substances
b. Secretes thymosin
c. Secretes corticosteroids
d. Secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone
e. Secretes thyroxine

Answer 13

e. secretes thyroxine

Question 14

What is the term for excessive development of mammary tissue in a male?

a. Homeostasis
b. Hypogonadism
c. Galactorrhea
d. Gynecomastia
e. Hypernatremia

Answer 14

d. gynecomastia

Question 15

Exophthalmos is a symptom of which endocrine disorder?

a. Endemic goiter
b. Thyroid carcinoma
c. Graves disease
d. Nodular goiter
e. Pituitary gland hypertrophy

Answer 15

c. Graves disease

Question 16

Kal/i is a combining form for which substance?

a. Phosphorus
b. Sodium
c. Calcium
d. Milk
e. Potassium

Answer 16

e. Potassium

Question 17

Which of the following secretes cortisol?

a. Testes
b. Ovaries
c. Adrenal medulla
d. Adrenal cortex
e. Pituitary gland

Answer 17

d. Adrenal cortex

Question 18

Which is a description of achondroplasia?

a. Enlargement of extremities
b. Defective cartilage formation that affects bone growth
c. Tumor of the sella turcica
d. Abnormal formation of cartilage in an adult
e. Hyperfunctioning of pituitary gland

Answer 18

b. Defective cartilage formation that affects bone growth

Question 19

Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland:

a. thyroixine
b. thiroxine
c. thyroxine

Answer 19

c. thyroxine

Question 20

Characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

a. Gradual onset; patient is asymptomatic
b. Ketoacidosis seldom occurs
c. Treatment is diet and oral hypoglycemic agents
d. Little or no insulin produced
e. Usually occurs after age 30

Answer 20

d. Little or no insulin produced

Question 21

Hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex

Answer 21

Addison disease

Question 22

Group of symptoms produced by excess of cortisol from the adrenal cortex

Answer 22

Cushing syndrome

Question 23

Enlargement of extremities caused by excessive growth hormone after puberty

Answer 23

acromegaly

Question 24

Excessive hair on the face and body of adult women

Answer 24

hirsutism

Question 25

Fats are improperly burned, leading to accumulation of ketones in the body

Answer 25

ketoacidosis

Question 26

Extreme hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood produces this condition

Answer 26

cretinism

Question 27

Insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone produces this condition

Answer 27

Diabetes insipidus

Question 28

Lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin to promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells

Answer 28

diabetes mellitus

Question 29

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

Answer 29

goiter

Question 30

Enlargement and bulging of the eyeballs caused by hyperthyroidism

Answer 30

exophthalmos