Quiz 11 Review

Question 1

Which of the following phytoplankton have a cell wall made of cellulose?
• Diatoms
• Dinoflagellates
• Coccolithophorids
• Synechococcus
• All except D

Answer 1

…

Question 2

The deepest depth to which phytoplankton can be mixed such that their total rate of photosynthesis equals their total rate of respiration is called the:
• Euphotic depth
• Compensation depth
• Critical depth
• Thermocline
• Ekman depth

Answer 2

Critical Depth

Question 3

The region of our planet from 23.5 deg S to 23.5 deg N is called:

Answer 3

The tropics

Question 4

The depth at which the rate of photosynthesis equals the rate of respiration of the phytoplankton is called:
• The euphotic zone
• The compensation depth
• The Z-depth
• The critical depth
• The penetration depth

Answer 4

The Critical Depth

Question 5

The principal that states the factor that whose rate of availability limits the growth of plants or phytoplankton is called:
• Sheldon Cooper's Principle
• Shelford's law of tolerance
• Blackman's law of photosynthesis
• Liebig's law of the minimum
• Ditmar's Principle

Answer 5

LIebig’s law of the minimum

Question 6

Which of the following events occurs in the water column from the first day of fall to the first day of winter? Check all that apply.
• Decrease in solar radiation at the sea surface
• Formation of sea ice
• Weakening of the seasonal thermocline
• A decrease in the angle of penetration of solar radiation into the water column
• Melting of sea ice
• Increases in solar radiation at the sea surface
• Strengthening of the seasonal thermocline
• Increase in sea surface water temperatures
• A decrease in the mixed layer depth
• An increase in the angle of penetration of solar radiation into the water column
• An increase in the mixed layer depth
• Decrease in sea surface water temperatures

Answer 6

• Decreases in solar radiation at the sea surface
• Weakening of the seasonal thermocline
• An increase in the mixed layer depth
• Decrease in sea surface water temperatures
• A decrease in the angle of penetration of solar radiation into the water column

Question 7

Identify the variables in Beer’s Law: Iz = Io exp-kz (-kz is an exponent of exp):

Answer 7

Iz - Light intensity at a given depth
Io - Light intensity at the surface
k - The attenuation or extinction coefficient
z - Depth
exp - The exponential function in mathematics

Question 8

List the correct order of categories of electromagnetic radiation from short wavelengths to long wavelengths:

Answer 8

1. Gamma rays
2. X-rays
3. Ultraviolet
4. Visible
5. Near infrared
6. Far infrared
7. Microwaves
8. Radio waves

Question 9

The wavelengths of visible light fall between:
• 400-700 millimeters
• 400-700 micrometers
• 400-700 nanometers
• 400-700 centimeters
• 400-700 meters

Answer 9

400-700 nanometers

Question 10

Which of the following categories of electromagnetic radiation have the longest wavelength?
• Infrared radiation
• Visible light
• Gamma rays
• FM radio waves
• Ultraviolet light

Answer 10

FM radio waves

Question 11

The exponential decrease of light intensity from the ocean's surface to the maximum depth of the photic zone can be described by a mathematical relationship known as:
• Wien's law
• Buck's Law
• Liebig's Law
• Beer's Law
• The Principle of Constant Proportions

Answer 11

Beer’s Law

Question 12

The full range of electromagnetic energy is described by:
• The electromagnetic spectrum
• The solar constant
• Visible light
• Beer's Law
• The Periodic Table

Answer 12

The electromagnetic spectrum

Question 13

Which of the following form the boundaries of the climate zone that includes Orange County?
• The Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle
• The Tropic of Cancer and the equator
• The Tropic of Capricorn and the Arctic Circle
• The Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle
• The Tropic of Capricorn and the equator

Answer 13

The Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle

Question 14

N:P:K on the front of a bag of fertilizer refers to:
• The standards under which the fertilizer was manufactured
• The ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium in the fertilizer
• The application of the fertilizer, such as for lawns
• The manufacturer of the fertilizer
• The ratio of nitrogen to potassium to phosphorus in the fertilizer

Answer 14

The ratio of Nitrogen to Phosphorus to Potassium in the fertilizer

Question 15

The boundary between a nutrient-depleted layer and a nutrient-rich layer is called a:
• Thermocline
• Halocline
• Photocline
• Pycnocline
• Nutricline

Answer 15

Nutricline

Question 16

Which of the following events occurs in the water column from the first day of spring to the first day of summer? Check all that apply.
• Decrease in solar radiation at the sea surface
• Formation of sea ice
• Weakening of the seasonal thermocline
• A decrease in the angle of penetration of solar radiation into the water column
• Melting of sea ice
• Increases in solar radiation at the sea surface
• Strengthening of the seasonal thermocline
• Increase in sea surface water temperatures
• A decrease in the mixed layer depth
• An increase in the angle of penetration of solar radiation into the water column
• An increase in the mixed layer depth
• Decrease in sea surface water temperatures

Answer 16

• Strengthening of the seasonal thermocline
• A decrease in the mixed layer depth
• An increase in the angle of penetration of solar radiation into the water column
• Increases in solar radiation at the sea surface
• Melting of sea ice
• Increase in sea surface water temperatures

Question 17

Which one of the following categories of electromagnetic radiation have the shortest wavelength?
• Infrared radiation
• Visible light
• Gamma rays
• FM radio waves
• Ultraviolet light

Answer 17

Gamma rays

Question 18

What is the correct order of colors of visible light from short wavelengths to long wavelengths?

Answer 18

Violet, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red

Question 19

The depth at which light intensity reaches 1% of surface light intensity defines the:
• Nutricline
• Epipelagic zone
• Saturation depth
• Pynocline
• Euphotic zone

Answer 19

Euphotic zone

Question 20

What color are southern California waters during winter and summer?

Answer 20

Blue

Question 21

The wavelength most strongly absorbed by chlorophyll a is:

Answer 21

435 nanometers

Question 22

The vertical movement of water within the mixed layer is called:
• Horizontal transport
• Remineralization
• Vertical mixing
• Waves
• Tides

Answer 22

Vertical mixing

Question 23

The region of our planet from 23.5 deg N/S to 66.5 deg N/S is called

Answer 23

The temperate zone

Question 24

Which of the following are affected by the orbit of Earth around the Sun?
• Sun angle
• Day length
• Wavelengths of visible light
• The solar constant
• Both A and B are correct

Answer 24

Both A and B are correct: sun angle and day length

Question 25

The wavelength of sunlight that penetrates the deepest into the ocean is

Answer 25

435 nanometers

Question 26

Which of the following phytoplankton created the calcareous white cliffs of Dover?
• Diatoms
• Dinoflagellates
• Coccolithophorids
• Synechococcus
• All except D

Answer 26

Coccolithophorid

Question 27

What color are southern California waters during the spring and fall blooms?

Answer 27

Red

Question 28

Which of the following events occur in the water column of polar oceans from first day of spring to the first day of summer?
• An increase in the mixed layer depth
• A decrease in the mixed layer depth
• Formation of a seasonal thermocline
• Increase in sea surface water temperature
• Melting of sea ice
• Decreases in solar radiation at the sea surface
• Disintegration of a seasonal thermocline
• Increases in solar radiation at the sea surface
• Decrease in sea surface water temperatures
• Formation of sea ice

Answer 28

• A decrease in the mixed layer depth
• Formation of a seasonal thermocline
• Increase in sea surface water temperatures
• Melting of sea ice
• Increases in solar radiation at the sea surface