quiz 11

Question 1

“The true Katydid”

Answer 1

From which all others get the name!

Question 2

Order Thysanoptera: Thrips

Answer 2

note the “fringe-wings”
Haplo-diploid (a few are eusocial)
note front leg “claws”
pierce - and - suck plants

Question 3

Order Orthoptera
Suborder Ensifera: Crickets & Katydids

Answer 3

Family Gryllidae: Crickets
Family Gryllocrididae: Camel or cave crickets
Family Gryllotalpidae: Male crickets
Family: Tettigoniidae: Katydids (“bush crickets”)

Question 4

Order Collembola : Springtails

Answer 4

non-insect Hexapods;
live in enormous numbers in soil& litter, important detritivores
(most have “furcula” spring-tail)

Question 5

Order: Zygentoma: silverfish

Answer 5

most primitive true insects
detritivores in dark, humid substrates
Apterygotes; ametabolous development

Question 6

Ephemeroptera: Mayflies

Answer 6

Paleopterans
Naiads are important aquatic herbivores & detritivores.
Adults v. short-lived (“ephemeral”)

Question 7

Order Odonata

Answer 7

sub-order: Anisoptera: Dragonflies
Sub - order Zyoptera: Damselflies
Paleopterans, Naiads are aquatic predators, adults are aerial predators

Question 8

How do you tell a dragonfly from a Damselfly? Are dragonflies always bigger than damselflies

Answer 8

dragonflies are not always larger than damselflies however, they typically have thicker, more robust bodies while damselflies are typically more slender
Dragonfly eyes are larger and typically almost touching while damselfly eyes are separated.

Question 9

Order Dictyoptera

Answer 9

Suborder Blattaria: Cockroaches - omnivores/scavengers in litter & mulch
Suborder Mantodea: praying mantids - ambush predators
(both suborders produce oothecae)

Question 10

Ant vs. termite how would you tell them apart?

Answer 10

ants have shorter wings overall, and their front wings are longer than their hind wings. Antennae: Termites have straight antennae, while ants have bent antennae. Body: Termites have little to no visible waist, while ants have a narrow waist.

Question 11

Termites are taxonomically just a social group of cockroaches!

Answer 11

!

Question 12

Order Phasmatodea

Answer 12

walking sticks
herbivores

Question 13

Order Dermaptera:

Answer 13

earwigs
pincer-like Ceri

Question 14

order Dictyoptera

Answer 14

termites
social, wood-digesting, v. important “recyclers”

Question 15

Order Orthoptera

Answer 15

sub-order Caelifera: grasshoppers
family Acrididae: grasshoppers & locusts
family Tetrigidae: Pygmy Grasshoppers (note enlarged pronotum!)

Question 16

OHomoptera

Answer 16

Family Membrocidea: Treehoppers (Woodlands)
Family Aphidae: Aphids (plant lice, greenflies) very important agricultural pests!
family Cicadellidae: leafhoppers (grasslands)

Question 17

Order Hemiptera

Answer 17

suborder Homoptera (or Just order Homoptera)
Family Cicadidae: cicadas , feed underground for years on plant root xylem (look for tymbal on male ventrum)

Question 18

17 - year cicadas (3 different species)

Answer 18

from the 1997 emergence in central Iowa

Question 19

Order Hemiptera

Answer 19

suborder Heteroptera (or, just order Hemiptera)
true bugs
family Gerridae: water striders
family Notonectidae: backswimmers (note reverse countershading)
family Belostomatidae: orient water bugs
Family Coricidae –> water boatmen

Question 20

Giant water bugs

Answer 20

Belostomatidae

Question 21

Hemiptera/Heteroptera

Answer 21

family Reduviidae: Assassin Bugs
Rhodnius is a blood-sucking parasite, vector of chagas disease
most are predatory on insects
family Coreidae: Squash bugs, economically important plant pests (some)

Question 22

Hemiptera/Heteroptera

Answer 22

Lygaeidae: Seed bugs (some are pests)
Pentatomidae: Stink Bugs (some herbivores, some carnivores)
Miridae: plant bugs (some are pests)
Cimicidae: Bedbugs - parasites of warm-blooded vertebrates (human, shallow bug shown)

Question 23

Order Anoplura: Sucking Lice

Answer 23

Pediculus capitis: Human head louse
pediculus corporis: human body louse (vector of typhus)
phthirus pubis: Human pubic lous
order: pscodea, Body shapes are variations on elongate cylindrical and stick-like or flattened, or often leaf-like

Question 24

how is self-pollination avoided in plants? Why is it important to avoid it?

Answer 24

different maturation times of male and female reproductive parts (dichogamy), physical barriers separating the pollen and stigma (herkogamy), and genetic incompatibility systems (self-incompatibility), which essentially prevent pollen from fertilizing the egg within the same flower; this is important because cross-pollination, where pollen is transferred from one flower to another, leads to greater genetic diversity within a species, improving its adaptability and resilience to environmental changes and disease

Question 25

list as many different animal pollinators as you can from the large number of examples shown in the film

Answer 25

wasp
bee
birds
mice
hoverfly
fish
blowflies
bats
ants
pigmy possum
hummingbirds

Question 26

how do plants protect themselves against “cheaters”

Answer 26

mechanisms set in place such as water trap, poison trap disguised as nectar in lily, and exit routes where the bees must transfer the pollen to the stamen

Question 27

hammer orchid

Answer 27

scent and appearance of the female wasp

Question 28

african water lily

Answer 28

pollen covered stamen and “nectar” trap

Question 29

trigger plant

Answer 29

hits its target and attracts with nectar

Question 30

African protea

Answer 30

exposes flowers

Question 31

sardinian arum lily

Answer 31

the stench of a rotting corpse

Question 32

arctic rose (dryas)

Answer 32

warm stamen through the reflection of light on petals and dark center, rotating stem from tracking the sun

Question 33

bucket orchid (chorianthes)

Answer 33

the scent that is attractive to male orchid bees, a waxy substance that allows bees to create a perfume to attract females, liquid in a “bucket”

Question 34

what agents, other than animal “go-betweens”, are used by plants to achieve cross-pollination?

Answer 34

fire, wind, insects, pollinators