Exam 2

Question 1

List 3 foods that result from insect pollination.

Answer 1

• chocolate
• coffee
• many fruits, etc.

Question 2

List 3 economically important products from insects.

Answer 2

• honey
• silk
• shellac

Question 3

List 4 “ecosystem services” provided by insects in natural ecosystems.

Answer 3

• pollination
• consumer of plants
• food for other organisms
• “clean-up” of carcasses and dung

Question 4

The basic “Walking Mechanism” of insects

Answer 4

tripod

Question 5

Segment of a leg that is enlarged & very muscular in grasshopper

Answer 5

femur

Question 6

Functional type of front legs of mantis

Answer 6

raptorial

Question 7

what a “corbiculum” is

Answer 7

a bee’s “pollen basket”

Question 8

Front wings of a beetle

Answer 8

elytra

Question 9

What the back wings of flies have become

Answer 9

halteres

Question 10

What “hamuli” are

Answer 10

row of hooks that connect a bee’s front and back wings

Question 11

The 2 most widely supported hypotheses about the origin of insect wings

Answer 11

• gill hypothesis
  – thermoregulatory lobes

Question 12

intromittent organ (“penis”) of a male insect

Answer 12

aedeagus

Question 13

Structure used by a female katydid to deposit her eggs

Answer 13

ovipositor

Question 14

Major function of an insect’s foregut

Answer 14

storage of food

Question 15

Section of an insect gut that is most analogous to a vertebrate small intestine

Answer 15

midgut

Question 16

Primary function of an insect’s hindgut

Answer 16

reabsorption of water & minerals

Question 17

Insect organs that serve the same function as a vertebrate’s kidneys

Answer 17

Malpighian tubules

Question 18

Most common nitrogenous waste product of insects

Answer 18

uric acid

Question 19

An insect’s “heart”

Answer 19

dorsal vessel

Question 20

Major tubes of an insects’s respiratory system

Answer 20

trachea

Question 21

Small fluid-filled tubes that contact an insect’s respiratory system with metabolizing tissues

Answer 21

tracheoles

Question 22

Two synonyms for the type of insect flight muscles also called “indirect”

Answer 22

asynchronous, myogenic

Question 23

Approximate maximum wingbeat frequency in insects

Answer 23

1,000 per second

Question 24

A general figure for about how much an insect’s metabolic rate increases when it is flying or producing sounds

Answer 24

10x

Question 25

Two synonyms for the thermoregulatory mode that is also called "Cold-Blooded"

Answer 25

ectothermic poikilothermic

Question 26

Index used to indicate how much metabolic rate increases with increases in environmental temperature

Answer 26

Q10

Question 27

A typical value for the index of question 23

Answer 27

2

Question 28

two ways insects can raise their temperature

Answer 28

- basking - shivering, etc.

Question 29

Two ways insects can lower their temperature

Answer 29

- Shade seeking - spacing out, etc.

Question 30

The only insect that "sweats"

Answer 30

Desert Cicada

Question 31

The outermost thing, hard layer of an insect's cuticle

Answer 31

epicuticle

Question 32

The only part of an insect's cuticle that is not shed when the insect molts

Answer 32

endocuticle

Question 33

About what percentage of the answer to question 29 that is recycled when an insect molts

Answer 33

80-90%

Question 34

The phase of molting in which the epidermis retracts and a "subcuticular space"is created

Answer 34

apolysis

Question 35

Technical term for the actual movement of an insect out of its old cuticle

Answer 35

ecdysis

Question 36

target of the "brain hormone", PTTH

Answer 36

Prothoracic Gland

Question 37

Chemical class of hormones to which Ecdysone (Molting hormone) belongs

Answer 37

Steroids

Question 38

Hormone that directly triggers the movements that allow result in the insect emerging from the old cuticle

Answer 38

eclosion hormone

Question 39

site of production of juvenille hormone

Answer 39

corpora allata

Question 40

Relative concentration of JH when a caterpillar molts into a larger caterpillar

Answer 40

high

Question 41

4 general features of insect reproduction

Answer 41

- sexual - dioecious - internal fertilization - female sperm storage

Question 42

sperm package produced by many male insects

Answer 42

spermatophore

Question 43

sperm storage organ of female insects

Answer 43

spermatheca

Question 44

type of ovariole without specialized nurse cells

Answer 44

panoistic

Question 45

name for the "yolking up" of an insect egg

Answer 45

vitellogenesis

Question 46

egg case of some insects

Answer 46

ootheca

Question 47

retaining eggs by the female until they hatch, but without providing nutrients

Answer 47

ovo-viviparity

Question 48

one example of a "live-bearing" (viviparous) insect species

Answer 48

tsetse fly, or others

Question 49

General name for asexual reproduction

Answer 49

parthenogenesis

Question 50

specific name for asexual reproduction of males, as in haplo-diploid ants, bees, and wasps

Answer 50

arrhenotoky

Question 51

One of the hormones that is involved in the regulation of reproduction in insects

Answer 51

JH or ecdysome

Question 52

One of the two membranes of an insect egg

Answer 52

chorion or vitelline

Question 53

Set of genes that determines what appendages develop on specific segments of the embryo

Answer 53

Hox genes

Question 54

juvenile of terrestrial insect with hemimetabolous development

Answer 54

nymph

Question 55

Internal structures of a larva that will develop into specific adult structures

Answer 55

imaginal discs

Question 56

An insect in a particular "stadium"

Answer 56

instar

Question 57

condition of continuing to molt, even after becoming an adult (seen, for example, in silverfish)

Answer 57

ametabolous

Question 58

two generations per year

Answer 58

Bivoltine

Question 59

a period of general or reproductive inactivity

Answer 59

diapause

Question 60

which two monarch butterfly generations are involved in migration

Answer 60

1st and 4th