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EVS 461 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

List 3 foods that result from insect pollination.

A
  • chocolate
  • coffee
  • many fruits, etc.
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2
Q

List 3 economically important products from insects.

A
  • honey
  • silk
  • shellac
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3
Q

List 4 “ecosystem services” provided by insects in natural ecosystems.

A
  • pollination
  • consumer of plants
  • food for other organisms
  • “clean-up” of carcasses and dung
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4
Q

The basic “Walking Mechanism” of insects

A

tripod

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5
Q

Segment of a leg that is enlarged & very muscular in grasshopper

A

femur

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6
Q

Functional type of front legs of mantis

A

raptorial

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7
Q

what a “corbiculum” is

A

a bee’s “pollen basket”

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8
Q

Front wings of a beetle

A

elytra

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9
Q

What the back wings of flies have become

A

halteres

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10
Q

What “hamuli” are

A

row of hooks that connect a bee’s front and back wings

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11
Q

The 2 most widely supported hypotheses about the origin of insect wings

A
  • gill hypothesis
    – thermoregulatory lobes
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12
Q

intromittent organ (“penis”) of a male insect

A

aedeagus

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13
Q

Structure used by a female katydid to deposit her eggs

A

ovipositor

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14
Q

Major function of an insect’s foregut

A

storage of food

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15
Q

Section of an insect gut that is most analogous to a vertebrate small intestine

A

midgut

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16
Q

Primary function of an insect’s hindgut

A

reabsorption of water & minerals

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17
Q

Insect organs that serve the same function as a vertebrate’s kidneys

A

Malpighian tubules

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18
Q

Most common nitrogenous waste product of insects

A

uric acid

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19
Q

An insect’s “heart”

A

dorsal vessel

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20
Q

Major tubes of an insects’s respiratory system

A

trachea

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21
Q

Small fluid-filled tubes that contact an insect’s respiratory system with metabolizing tissues

A

tracheoles

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22
Q

Two synonyms for the type of insect flight muscles also called “indirect”

A

asynchronous, myogenic

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23
Q

Approximate maximum wingbeat frequency in insects

A

1,000 per second

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24
Q

A general figure for about how much an insect’s metabolic rate increases when it is flying or producing sounds

A

10x

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25
Q

Two synonyms for the thermoregulatory mode that is also called “Cold-Blooded”

A

ectothermic
poikilothermic

26
Q

Index used to indicate how much metabolic rate increases with increases in environmental temperature

A

Q10

27
Q

A typical value for the index of question 23

A

2

28
Q

two ways insects can raise their temperature

A
  • basking
  • shivering, etc.
29
Q

Two ways insects can lower their temperature

A
  • Shade seeking
  • spacing out, etc.
30
Q

The only insect that “sweats”

A

Desert Cicada

31
Q

The outermost thing, hard layer of an insect’s cuticle

A

epicuticle

32
Q

The only part of an insect’s cuticle that is not shed when the insect molts

A

endocuticle

33
Q

About what percentage of the answer to question 29 that is recycled when an insect molts

A

80-90%

34
Q

The phase of molting in which the epidermis retracts and a “subcuticular space”is created

A

apolysis

35
Q

Technical term for the actual movement of an insect out of its old cuticle

A

ecdysis

36
Q

target of the “brain hormone”, PTTH

A

Prothoracic Gland

37
Q

Chemical class of hormones to which Ecdysone (Molting hormone) belongs

A

Steroids

38
Q

Hormone that directly triggers the movements that allow result in the insect emerging from the old cuticle

A

eclosion hormone

39
Q

site of production of juvenille hormone

A

corpora allata

40
Q

Relative concentration of JH when a caterpillar molts into a larger caterpillar

A

high

41
Q

4 general features of insect reproduction

A
  • sexual
  • dioecious
  • internal fertilization
  • female sperm storage
42
Q

sperm package produced by many male insects

A

spermatophore

43
Q

sperm storage organ of female insects

A

spermatheca

44
Q

type of ovariole without specialized nurse cells

A

panoistic

45
Q

name for the “yolking up” of an insect egg

A

vitellogenesis

46
Q

egg case of some insects

A

ootheca

47
Q

retaining eggs by the female until they hatch, but without providing nutrients

A

ovo-viviparity

48
Q

one example of a “live-bearing” (viviparous) insect species

A

tsetse fly, or others

49
Q

General name for asexual reproduction

A

parthenogenesis

50
Q

specific name for asexual reproduction of males, as in haplo-diploid ants, bees, and wasps

A

arrhenotoky

51
Q

One of the hormones that is involved in the regulation of reproduction in insects

A

JH or ecdysome

52
Q

One of the two membranes of an insect egg

A

chorion or vitelline

53
Q

Set of genes that determines what appendages develop on specific segments of the embryo

A

Hox genes

54
Q

juvenile of terrestrial insect with hemimetabolous development

A

nymph

55
Q

Internal structures of a larva that will develop into specific adult structures

A

imaginal discs

56
Q

An insect in a particular “stadium”

A

instar

57
Q

condition of continuing to molt, even after becoming an adult (seen, for example, in silverfish)

A

ametabolous

58
Q

two generations per year

A

Bivoltine

59
Q

a period of general or reproductive inactivity

A

diapause

60
Q

which two monarch butterfly generations are involved in migration

A

1st and 4th

EVS 461 (10 decks)

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