Quiz 10&11 Flashcards
Abnormal Behavior
Deviation from the average,ideal..behavior that causes people to people to experience distress
Medical Perspective
Assumes that physiological causes are at the root of psychological disorders
Psychoanalytic perspective
Assumes that abnormal behaviors are learned responses
Cognitive perspective
Assumes that cognitions peoples thoughts and beliefs are learned responses
Humanistic perspective
Emphasizes peoples responsibilities for their own behavior and the need to self actualize
Sociocultural perspective
Assumes that behavior is shaped by family,society,and culture
Anxiety Disorder
The occurence of anxiety without an obvious external cause, affecting daily functioing
Somatoform disorders
Psychological difficulties that take on a physical(somatic) form but for which there is no medical cure
Dissociative disorders
rare psychological dysfunctionns characterized by the seperation of a persons personality that are normally integrated
Mood disorders
disturbances in emotional experience that are strong enough to intrude on everyday living
Causes of mood disorders
Neurotransmitters serotonin seem to play a role, result of feelings of loss or anger directed at oneself,stress or life
Schizophernia
A class of disorders in which a severe distortion of reality occurs
Biological
Genetics seem to produce at least a susceptibility to developing schizophrenia
Environmental
High levels of expressed emotion (interaction style of criticism, hostility) in families of schizophrenia
Antisocial personality disorder
Individuals show no regard for the moral and ethical rules of society or the rights of others
Borderline personality disorder
Difficulty developing a secure sense of who they are
Narcissistic personality disorder
An exaggerated sense of self-importance
Depression
2.5% of children and more than 8% of adolescents suffer from depression
ADHD
inattention, impulsiveness, a low tolerance for frustration, and a great deal of inappropriate activity
Autism
Severe developmental disability that impairs chidren’s ability to communicate and relate to others
Pyschodynamic therapy
Unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious into the conscious
Psychoanalysis
Freudian psychotherapy, goal is to release hidden unconscious thoughts and feelings
Behavioral treatment approaches
treatment approaches that build on the basic processes of learning
Aversive conditioning
reduces the frequency of undesired behavior by pairing an aversive, unpleasant stimulus with that undesired behavior
Operant conditioning techniques
Treatment based on reward and punishment
Dialectical behavior therapy
focus is on getting people to accept who they are, regardless of whether it matches their ideal
Cognitive treatment approaches
teach people to think in more adaptive ways, changing their dysfunctional cognitions about the world and themselves
Cognitive-Behavioral approach
Incorporates basic principles of learning to change the way people think
Rational emotive behavior therapy
Restructures a person’s belief system into a more realistic, rational, and logical set of views
Humanistic therapy
people have control of their behvior,can make choices about their lives
Person-centered therapy
Goal is to reach one’s potential for self-actualization
IPT
Short term therapy that focuses on the context of social relationships such as conflicts with others, social skills issues
Spontaneous remission
recovery without treatment
Drug therapy
control of psychological disorders through the use of drugs
Antipsychotic drugs
temporarily reduce psychotic symptoms such as agitation hallucinations and delusions
Antidepressant drugs
medications used for severe depression to improve the patients mood; sometimes used for anxiety disorders and bullimia
Tricydic drugs
increase norepinephrine at the synapses in the brain
MAO Inhibilatiors
prevent monoamine oxidase from breaking down in neurotransmitters
SSRIs
increase serotonin at the synapses in the brain
Mood stablizers
used to treat mood disorders
prevent manic episodes of bipolar disorder
Anti-Anxiety drugs
reduce the level of anxiety a person is experiencing
Electroconclusive therapy(ECT)
A procedure used in the treatment of severe depression
An electric current of 70 to 150 volts is briefly administered to a patients head
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation(TMS)
An alternative to ECT
A precise magnetic pulse is directed to a specific area of the brain
Gene therapy
Specific genes introduced to particular regions of the brain may then reverse or prevent biochemical events that lead to disorders.
