***QUIZ 1 Week 1-2 Flashcards
How much larger was the size of early Homo’s brain compared to the brains of earlier hominids?
Question 1Answer
a.
100%
b.
200%
c.
55%
d.
70%
b.
200%
It is estimated that half of all conceptions have too many or too few chromosomes. According to the text, what happens to most of the zygotes that are formed in these situations?
Question 2Select one:
a.
they are spontaneously aborted
b.
they result in neonates with birth defects
c.
they result in twins
d.
they have no problems
a.
they are spontaneously aborted
What percent of the current world’s population lives in the most affluent countries?
Question 3Select one:
a.
18%
b.
34%
c.
51%
d.
68%
a.
18%
The totality of an individual’s genes is referred to as his or her ______
Question 4Select one:
a.
phenotype
b.
genotype
c.
x-linked inheritance
d.
reaction range
b.
genotype
Which of the following are examples of teratogens?
Question 5Answer
a.
Calcium, iron and iodine
b.
Prenatal vitamins and micronutrients
c.
Meats, grains and legumes
d.
Alcohol, tobacco and other drugs
d.
Alcohol, tobacco and other drugs
Dr. Mitchell is conducting a research study on temperament. As a basis of this study, he plans to follow 1,000 subjects from the age of 5 to the age of 35. At periodic times he will revisit subjects and their temperament. Dr. Mitchell’s research study is planned to last for 30 years. Which of the following best describes the type of research Dr. Mitchell is conducting?
Question 6Select one:
a.
Ethnographic research
b.
Quasi-experimental research
c.
Longitudinal research
d.
Observational research
c.
Longitudinal research
According to Lewis, what type of emotion requires social learning such as embarrassment, shame and guilt?
Question 7Answer
a.
Primary
b.
Secondary
c.
Elementary
d.
Primitive
b.
Secondary
Which of the following theorists proposes that human development is broken into psychosocial stages?
Question 8Select one:
a.
Erik Erikson
b.
Sigmund Freud
c.
B.F. Skinner
d.
Carl Rogers
a.
Erik Erikson
From a global perspective, which of the following is the most common teratogen to affect pregnancies?
Question 9Select one:
a.
lead
b.
alcohol
c.
rubella
d.
malnutrition
d.
malnutrition
What is Bronfenbrenner’s term for the immediate environment, the settings where people experience their daily lives?
Question 10Select one:
a.
Microsystem
b.
Mesosystem
c.
Exosystem
d.
Macrosystem
a.
Microsystem
Observational methods have an advantage over questionnaires and interviews in that they involve _________.
Question 11Select one:
a.
the reporting of behaviour by a close relative of the participant
b.
actual behaviour rather than self-reports of behaviour
c.
the self-reporting of behaviour
d.
less involved data analysis
b.
actual behaviour rather than self-reports of behaviour
What is one of the most important indicators of a neonate’s survival and healthy development?
Question 12Answer
a.
Gestational age
b.
The Brazelton score
c.
The Apgar score
d.
Birth weight
d.
Birth weight
An individual with Down syndrome has how many chromosomes?
Question 13Answer
a.
45
b.
46
c.
47
d.
48
c.
47
Susan is talking to her friend, who is at the end of her second trimester. Lucila wants to be reassured that she is not crazy, but thinks her baby actually kicks, turns and hiccups. Lucila even thinks that the baby becomes more active if she talks to it. If you were Susan, how would you respond to Lucila’s observations?
Question 14Select one:
a.
‘Lucila, those activities are normal for the end of the second trimester, and foetuses can hear even in the womb.’
b.
‘Lucila, I think you are going crazy. A foetus really doesn’t kick that early in the pregnancy and it’s crazy to think it can hear.’
c.
‘Lucila, all those things do happen, but not really until the end of the third trimester.’
d.
‘Lucila, I think you need to go see your doctor because something is absolutely wrong.’
a.
‘Lucila, those activities are normal for the end of the second trimester, and foetuses can hear even in the womb.’
What happens when a person who had difficulty with the developmental challenge in one of Erikson’s stages has trouble in the next stage? He or she is ___________
Question 15Select one:
a.
equally likely to do well with the new stage as someone who successfully resolved the developmental challenge at the earlier stage
b.
at high risk for being unsuccessful at the next stage as well
c.
more likely to do well since he or she experienced difficulty in the previous stage
d.
none of the above
b.
at high risk for being unsuccessful at the next stage as well
hich of the following most contributed to the large increase in world population that occurred around the 1800s to 1900s?
Question 16Answer
a.
Families increased the average number of children per household from one to three children.
b.
Less women were dying in childbirth because they waited longer to have children.
c.
The domestication of animals provided a larger food supply.
d.
The elimination or sharp reduction of deadly diseases.
d.
The elimination or sharp reduction of deadly diseases.
The first 2 weeks after fertilisation are known as:
Question 17Select one:
a.
conception
b.
the germinal period
c.
the embryonic period
d.
the foetal period
b.
the germinal period
When did the early hominid species evolve into Homo sapiens?
Question 19Select one:
a.
20,000 years ago
b.
200,000 years ago
c.
2,000,000 years ago
d.
20,000,000 years ago
b.
200,000 years ago
Which of the following is the correct order of Erik Erikson’s third, fourth and fifth stages of psychosocial development?
Question 20Answer
a.
Initiative vs. guilt, identity vs. identity confusion, generativity vs. stagnation
b.
Ego integrity vs. despair, intimacy vs. isolation, identity vs. identity confusion
c.
Trust vs. mistrust, industry vs. inferiority, autonomy vs. shame and doubt
d.
Initiative vs. guilt, industry vs. inferiority, identity vs. identity confusion
d.
Initiative vs. guilt, industry vs. inferiority, identity vs. identity confusion
Working with patients suffering from various mental health problems, Freud concluded that a consistent theme across patients was that hey seemed to have experienced some kind of _____________.Select one:
a. biological unfolding of the genetic code that is interfering with daily life
b. traumatic event in childhood now buried in their unconscious
c. momentous event that classically conditioned a fear within them
d. incongruent self-concept that is interfering with daily functioning
b. traumatic event in childhood now buried in their unconscious
What was one of the ways that Erikson’s theory differed from Freud’s theory? Erikson believed that _______Select one:
a. sexuality was more important than Freud did
b. development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the earlyyears were important
c. personality was set at birth, while Freud thought it was completed by age 6
d. biological factors were more important in terms of development, and Freud believed that culture was more important
b. development continued throughout the lifespan, and Freud believed that only the earlyyears were important
Which of the following is considered the most important consideration in human development research?Select one:
a. Informed consent prior to participation
b. Protection from physical and psychological harm
c. Deception and debriefing
d. Confidentiality
b. Protection from physical and psychological harm
What is a disadvantage of the case study method? The results are_______Select one:
a. not valid
b. too difficult to analyse
c. only of interest to the participant
d. difficult to generalise
d. difficult to generalise
Jill’s mother and father both have brown eyes, yet she has blue eyes. She has come to believe that she is not her parents’ actual biological daughter. What would you tell her?Select one:
a. Blue eyes are dominant, so her parents should have blue eyes too.
b. She is correct; there is no way that she would have blue eyes if she were really her parents’ biological daughter.
c. Her mother and father probably carry the recessive trait for blue eyes.
d. Only the environment determines eye colour once the foetus has been born
c. Her mother and father probably carry the recessive trait for blue eyes.
Who is more affected by X-linked inherited disorders?
males
What term refers to malnutrition, disease, alcohol, tobacco and other drugs that are harmful to the foetus?Select one:
a. carcinogens
b. teratogens
c. fetogens
d. octatogens
b. teratogens
Down syndrome is also known as trisomy 21 because individuals with Down syndrome ____.Select one:
a. show three distinct temperament patterns by the twenty-first week of infancy
b. have three distinct facial features by the twenty-first week of pregnancy
c. have 21 genes on the third pair of chromosomes
d. have a third chromosome on the twenty-first pair
have a third chromosome on the twenty-first pair
Why has birth for humans become increasingly difficult?Select one:
a.Because humans have such extraordinarily large brains.
b.Because humans are more likely to have genetic difficulties.
c.Because of the frequency of multiple births.
d. Because humans are so immature at the time of birth
a.Because humans have such extraordinarily large brains.
