Quiz 1 review Flashcards
What is the first branch off of the aortic arch?
Brachiocephalic
Which of the following describes the tunica intima?
- Middle layer, smooth muscle cells, thickest
- Outer layer, connective tissue, nerve fiber’s
- Innermost layer, vasa vasorum, thinnest
- Innermost layer, endothelial lining, in contact with blood
Innermost layer, Endothelial lining, in contact with blood
Which of the following is true for the CCA
- Typically it does not contain any branches
- The first branch is the Ophthalmic artery
- Divides into the ECA and ICA at the sternoclavicular joint
- Enlarges at the ECA/ ICA bifurcation and is referred to as the carotid siphon
Typically does not contain any branches
Which of the following describes potential energy?
- Energy stored in the vascular walls
- Increased with demand for an increase in flow volume
- Force of gravity on a column of fluid
Energy stored in the vascular walls
What vessel supplies the majority of blood to the brain
Internal Carotid Artery
Which of the following has the greatest influence on flow through a cylindrical tube model?
- Length
- Radius
- Density
- Viscosity
Radius
According to Poiseuille’s law, volume flow increases with a decrease in what factor?
Hematocrit (viscosity)
If flow resistance is halved, wat happens to volume flow?
It is doubled
Which of the following is related to high PRF mode?
- Autocorrelation
- Range ambiguity
- Reynolds number
- Nyquist limitation
Range ambiguity
Which of the following describes high pulsatility?
- Forward flow throughout systole and diastole
- Narrow systolic peak, little or absent late diastolic flow
- Broad systolic peak with forward flow throughout diastole
Narrow systolic peak, little or absent late diastolic flow
Under normal circumstances, which of the following normally demonstrates boundary layer separation?
- Aortic arch
- Carotid bulb
- Carotid artery
- Stenotic segment
Carotid bulb
Which of the following vascular beds typically demonstrates the lowest resistance to flow?
- Face
- Cerebrum
- Extremities
- Pre-prandial mesenteric artery
Cerebrum
Which of the following describes the brachipcepahic artery in most cases?
- It comes off the arch bilaterally
- It comes off the arch on the right and splits into the LT CCA and RT SCLA
- IT comes off the arch on the left and splits into the LT CCA and LT SCLA
- It comes off the arch on the right and splits into the RT CCA and RT SCLA
It comes off the arch on the right and splits into the RT CCA and RT SCLA
What is the most common vessel variant found in the lower extremity?
Hypoplasia/ aplasia of the Anterior Tibial Artery
What is measured in volume/ time?
Flow
Which of the following describes Bernoulli’s principle?
- Predicts when turbulence will occur
- Explains the maintenance of energy in the movement of fluid
- Within a stenosis, velocity and pressure are directly related
Explains the maintenance of energy in the movement of fluid
How does the ICA typically lie in relation to the ECA?
Posterior and lateral
Which hemodynamic characteristic is seen distal to a stenosis?
Turbulence
Which of the following increases resistance to blood flow?
- Hyperthermia
- Polycythemia
- Severe Anemia
- Decreased Hematocrit
Polycythemia
Which flow profile has the fastest velocity in the Centre of the vessel?
Laminar
When observing Poiseuille’s law, volume flow is inversely proportional to which of the following?
Viscosity
How would turbulence appear on the spectral display?
Spectral broadening and feathered
What is the first branch off the ICA?
Ophthalmic artery
What main arteries form the circle of Willis?
Vertebral and ICA
Blood flows in the communicating arteries under normal circumstances? T/F?
False
