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DMST 493 Vasc 2 > Cerebrovascular socrative review > Flashcards

Cerebrovascular socrative review Flashcards

1
Q

Atherosclerosis begins in the tunica media T/F?

A

False, begins in the intima

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2
Q

Which of the following is not true of the ICA?

  1. It feeds the low resistance cerebrum2
  2. Its first branch is the ophthalmic artery
  3. It is part of the anterior circulation
  4. It contains branches in the cervical portion
A

It contains branches in the cervical portion

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3
Q

An ICA has a PSV of 200cm/s and a EDV of 100cm/s. What would be the approximate percentage of diameter stenosis?

A

50-69%

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4
Q

Which of the following is a possible source of emboli?

  1. Intraplaque hemorrhage
  2. Complete obstruction
  3. Arteriosclerosis
  4. Vessel calcification
A

Intraplaque hemorrhage

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5
Q

Which vessel typically supplies blood to a carotid body tumor?

A

ECA

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6
Q

Which of the following describes a hemodynamically significant stenosis?

  1. Stenosis producing an area reduction of 50%
  2. Stenosis that necessitates emergency surgery
  3. Vessel narrowing that causes an increase in pressure and flow
  4. Focal velocity increase double that of the proximal segment and post stenotic turbulence
A

Focal velocity increase double that of the proximal segment and post stenotic turbulence

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7
Q

A proximal occlusion is characteristic of a systolic “thumping” sound with doppler T/F?

A

False

Thumping is characteristic of distal

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8
Q

Which body area would be most likely affected by the TIA of the left anterior hemisphere of the brain?

A

Right side

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9
Q

How would a resolving ischemic neurologic deficit be described?

A

Neurologic even with symptoms lasting over 24 hours but less than 3 weeks

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10
Q

Which is likely to occur last in the development of atherosclerosis?

A

Development of ulcerative plaque

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11
Q

Which of the following would be seen in a waveform proximal to a stenosis?

  1. Slow upstroke and low velocity
  2. Higher velocities
  3. Early systolic deceleration
  4. Quick upstroke and low velocity
A

Quick upstroke and low velocity

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12
Q

What phase of the cardiac cycle does reversal occur with partial subclavian steal?

A

Systole

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13
Q

Which waveform is typical for the vertebral artery?

A

Low resistance

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14
Q

What do collateral routes depend on if an ICA is occluded?

A

Circle of Willis Normacy

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15
Q

What must be investigated if bilateral CCA velocities are decreased?

A

Heart

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16
Q

Which of the following is a posterior circulation symptom

  1. Vertigo
  2. Hemiparesis
  3. Aphasia
  4. Amaurosis fugax
A

Vertigo

17
Q

What is the most likely origin of homonomous hemianopia?

A

ipsilateral carotid disease

18
Q

The distal ICA is the most common site for extracerebral vascular stenosis? T/F?

A

False

19
Q

When there is a significant reduction in vessel diameter what blood flow change will typically be seen?

A

Increased velocity

20
Q

Disturbed flow is most likely observed in a tortuous carotid artery? T/F

A

True

21
Q

What diameter reduction is consistent with a area reduction of 75%?

A

50%

22
Q

Calcific plaque has the highest probability of embolization. T/F?

A

False

23
Q

Which of the following symptoms would be considered non-localizing to the anterior or posterior circulation?

  1. Syncope
  2. Vertigo
  3. Diplopia
  4. Dysphasia
A

Syncope

24
Q

What PSV and EDV in the ICA are consistent with >70% stenosis?

A

PSV >230 cm/s and EDV >100 cm/s

25
Q

Which waveform is present in the vertebral artery when there is a proximal subclavian stenosis?

A

Bi- directional (bunny ears)

26
Q

A pulsatile neck mass can be caused by a tortuous carotid artery? T/F?

A

True

27
Q

Which vessel normally demonstrates triphasic flow?

A

Subclavian artery

28
Q

Previous DVT is a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease? T/F?

A

False

DVT is a different pathology then atherosclerosis

29
Q

Which of the following describes fibrous plaque?

  1. Low echogenicity, similar to blood
  2. Moderate to strong echogenicity, may contain some hypoechoic areas
  3. Multiple levels of echogenicity, calcific shadowing may be present
  4. Plaque surface is discontinuous, ulceration is possible
A

Moderate to strong echogenicity, may contain some hypoechoic areas

30
Q

Syncope is the most common indication for a carotid study on an asymptomatic patient? T/F?

A

False

Auscultation of a bruit is the most common

31
Q

Which of the following are possible treatments of cerebrovascular disease?

  1. Stop smoking and lose weight
  2. Take an aspirin
  3. Trental to decrease blood viscosity
  4. Endarterectomy or stent placement
  5. All of the above
A

All of the above

32
Q

Which of the following describes Takayasu’s arteritis?

  1. Pulseless disease
  2. Giant cell arteritis
  3. Periarteritis nodosa
  4. Thromboangitis obliterans
A

Pulseless disease

33
Q

Which of the following is not a cause of posterior circulation ischemia?

  1. Emboli
  2. Arteriosclerosis
  3. Osteophyte impingement
  4. Artery to artery steal syndrome
A

Arteriosclerosis

DMST 493 Vasc 2 (9 decks)

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