Quiz 1 Radiation Characteristics Chapter 3 Flashcards
savannah
Define the key terms associated with radiation characteristics.
Quality
Quantity
Intensity
X-Ray Beam Quality
mean energy or penetrating ability of the x-ray beam. The quality, or wavelength and energy of the x-ray beam, is controlled by kilovoltage.
Variations in the ____ of the x ray beam influence the quality of the resulting images
character
Voltage
measurement of force that refers to the potential difference between two electrical charges.
____ determines the speed with which electrons move
Voltage
When voltage is increased
the speed of electrons is increased
kilovoltage
is the maximum voltage, or peak voltage of an alternating current
____is the overall darkness or blackness of an image
Density
If kVp is increased and other factors stay the same the image will
increase density and appear darker
If kVp is decreased the resulting image
decrease in density and appears lighter
____
refers to how sharply dark and light areas are differentiated or separated on an image
Lower kVp settings are used a ___ image will result
high contrast: many black areas, many white areas, few shades of gray
For detecting dental caries would you want to use lower kVp or high Kvp
low kVp
For detecting periodontal or periapical disease you would use lower or high kVp
high kVP
Exposure time refers to the interval of time during which x-rays are produced.
refers to the interval of time during which x-rays are produced.
Kilovoltage and exposure time are ___ related
inversely
___of the x-ray beam refers to the number of x-rays produced in the dental x-ray unit.
Quantity
Amperage
Determines the amount of electrons passing through the cathode filament
An increase in the number of electrons available to travel from the cathode to the anode results in production of an ___number of xrays
increased number of x rays
The ___ of the xrays produced is controlled by milliamperage
quantity
unit of measure used to describe the number of electrons, or current flowing through the cathode filament.
Ampere
Regulates the temperature of the cathode filament
mA
A higher mA setting ___ the temperature of the ____ filament and consequently increases the number of electrons produced
increases
cathode
unit of measure used to describe the number of electrons, or current flowing through the cathode filament.
mA
___ controls the amperage of the filament current and the amount of electrons that pass through the filament
mA
increase in mA increases the overall ___ and results in a darker image
mA
mA and exposure time are ___ related
inversely
it is recommended to only adjust what on the xray control panel
exposure time
____ refers to the energy or penetrating ability of the xray beam, ___ refers to the number of xray photons in the beam
Quality and Quantity
is defined as the product of the quantity (number of x-ray photons) and quality (energy of each photon) per unit of area per unit of time of exposure, as follows:
Intensity
___ controls the penetrating power of the xray beam by controlling the number of electrons produced in the x ray tube and the number of xrays produced.
mA
The distance traveled by the x-ray beam affects the ___ of the beam
intensity
The distance from the source of radiation (tungsten target in anode) to the patients skin
Target-surface distance
Target-object distance
The distance from the source of radiation (tungsten target in anode) to the tooth
Target-receptor distance
The distance from the source of radiation (tungsten target in anode) to the receptor
The ___ ____ law is used to explain how distance affects the intensity of the xray beam
inverse square
The ___ of ____ is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source of radiation
Intensity of radiation
Inverse square law: When the target recetpor distance is doubled the resulting beam is
one fourth as intense
Inverse square law: when the target receptor distance is reduced by half, the resulting beam is
four times as intense
To reduce the intensity of the xray beam ___ filters are placed in the path of the beam inside the dental xray tubehead
aluminum
Aluminium filters are used to remove the ____________ wavelength xrays.
low energy less penetrating longer
Half value layer HVL
When aluminum or material is placed in path of the xray beam the intesnity is reduce d by half
