Quiz 1 -Midterm Lecture Material Flashcards
True/False: The mamillary process is located more caudally; whereas, the accessory process is associated with the cranial aspect of the vertebrae.
False: Mamillary is more cranial and accesssory is more caudal.
True/False: the lateral vertebral foramen allows passage for the vertebral artery and vein.
False: the lateral vertebral foramen allows passage for the first spinal nerves. The transverse foramen allows passage for the vertebral artery and vein.
True/ False: The articular processes of the Atlas are located only on the cranial aspect.
False: Articular processes are located only along the caudal end of the axis.
Which vertebrae have modified transverse processes known as bifid transverse processes that allow for better muscle attachment?
A) C3-5
B) C2-4
C) T1-3
D)L1-3
A) C3-5
Which vertebrae is sled-like in nature which allows for protection and stabilization of the trachea, esophagus, and other tubular structures as they pass the thoracic inlet.
A)C5
B)C6
C) C7
D) T1
B) C6
True/ False: The cervical vertebrae in cats have longer bodies which allows for increased flexion of the neck.
False: The bodies of cervical vertebrae of cats are shorter; however the bodies or the thoracic vertebrae are longer, allowing for greater flexion in the thoracic region.
The spinous processes of T1-9/10 run _____ and are ______. Whereas the spinous processes of T 10/11-T13 run _____ and are _____.
A) Caudo-dorsally, taller, cranio-dorsally, shorter.
B) Cranio-dorsally, shorter, Caudo-dorsally, taller
C) Caudo-dorsallly, taller, cranio-dorsally, shorter
D) Caudo-dorsally, shorter, caudo-dorsally, shorter.
C) caudo-dorsally, taller, cranio-dorsally, shorter
The head of the rib articulates with the _____ and the tubercle of the rib articulates with the ______.
A) Transverse fovea, cranial articular surface
B) Cranial articular surface, transverse fovea
C) Transverse fovea, caudal articular surface
D) Transverse fovea, cranial costal fovea
D) Transverse fovea, cranial costal fovea
Any muscles that pull the ribs backward are known as muscles of _____, whereas; any muscles that pull the ribs forward are known as muscles of _____.
A) inspiration, expiration
B) expiration, inspiration
C) hypaxial, epaxial
D) epaxial, hypaxial
B) expiration, inspiration
True/ False: The lumbar vertebrae have more developed transverse processes that extend cranio-laterally and have longer bodies in comparison to the thoracic vertebrae.
True
The coccygeal vertebrae bear vertebral foramina up until ____ and Hemal arches up until the ___ cdV.
A) 6, 5
B) 5, 4
C) 4, 5
D) 5,6
B) 5, 4
Which of the following joints associated with the vertebrae is not an example of a synovial joint?
A) Atlanto-occipital joint
B) Atlanto-axial joint
C) joints between vertebral bodies (after C2)
D) Articulation with the ribs
C) joints between the vertebral bodies (C2 and onward)
True/ False: The inner portion of the intervertebral disc is made up of fibrous tissue and is known as the nucleus pulposus.
False: The inner layer (nucleus pulposus is gelatinous in nature and contains loose fibers suspended in a mucoprotein gel.). The outermost part is known as the annulus fibrosus.
Which of the following ligaments attaches the dens of the axis to the fovea dentis (floor of the atlas)?
A) Transverse ligament of the Atlas
B) Dorso Atlanto-Axial ligament
C) Lateral Atlanto-occipital ligament
D) Alar ligament
A) Transverse ligament of the Atlas
True/ Fase: The head of the rib articulates with the transverse fovea; whereas, the tubercle of the rib articulates with the costal fovea.
False: The head of the rib articulates with the costal fovea and the tubercle of the rib articulates with the transverse fovea.
Which of the following ligaments prevents upward deviation or herniation of the intervertebral disc?
A) dorsal costotransverse ligament
B) Radiating head ligament
C) intercapital ligament
D) Interspinous ligament
C) intercapital ligament
The ligament which articulates with the floor of the neural canal is:
A) dorsal costotransverse ligament
B) dorsal longitudinal ligament
C) Intercapital ligament
D) Ventral longitudinal ligament
B) dorsal longitudinal ligament
True/False: the lligament that runs between the vertebral arches is known as the interspinous ligament.
False: Known as the interarcuate or yellow ligament. The interspinous ligament runs between the spinous processes of the vertebrae.
True/ False: the unchallenged ligament, a continuation of the supraspinous ligament is not present in cats and is less developed in horses and some ruminants.
False: More developed in horses and some ruminants. (Otherwise true)
Which of the following is not considered to be one of the epaxial muscles:
A) Longus coli
B) Iliocostalis
C) Longissimus
D) Transversospinalis
A) Longus coli
True/ False: The action of the epaxial muscles is to extend the spine as well and aid in lateral movements.
True
True/False: the median sacral crest Is palpable.
True
The distinct feature of the sacrum which can be used to measure the size of the birth canal in animals is known as the:
A) Pelvic crest
B) Pubic symphysis
C) Promontory
D) Pelvic sacral foramina
C) Promontory (transverse ridge on ventral aspect of sacrum).
True/False: the cranial ribs have less space between the tubercle and head of the ribs; whereas, the caudal ribs have more space.
False, as you move cranio-caudally, there is less space between the tubercle and head of the rib.
True/ False: Only the last 3 ribs are asternal and do not directly connect to the sternum.
False: the last 4 ribs (including floating rib) are asternal.
True/False: Costal cartilages provide connections between the ribs and the sternebrae.
False: they connect the ribs to the intersternebral cartilages…not directly to the bone.
The only bone of the facial bones that is unpaired is the :
A) Basihyoid bone
B) Pre-sphenoid bone
C) Pterygoid
D) Vomer
D) Vomer
Which of the following is not one of the sinuses in cats:
A) paranasal sinuses
B) sphenoid sinuses
C) palatine sinuses
D) maxillary recess
C) palatine sinuses
Which of the following is not an anatomical feature of the occipital bone?
A) Basiocciptal bone
B) Exoccipital
C) Supraoccipital/ Squamous part
D) Maxioccipital
D) Maxioccipital
Which of the following is not an anatomical feature of the parietal bones?
A) Temporal fossa
B) External Sagittal crest
C) Frontal process
D) Tentorial process
C) frontal process
True/False: The temporal part of the frontal bone has only few subcutaneous muscles that cover the bone.
False: The frontal squama is the area in which on few subcutaneous muscles and skin are present.
True/ False: Of the sphenoid complex, the basisphenoid bone contains the optic canal which allows for passage of the optic nerves.
False: Presphenoid bone contains the optic canal.
True/False: The sphenoid sinus in dogs contains mostly conchae; whereas the sphenoid sinus is a free sinus in cats.
True
True/ False: The pituitary glands lies ontop on the hypophyseal fossa of the basisphenoid bone.
True
Which of the following is not an anatomical feature of the temporal bone?
A) Petrosal and Squamous parts
B) Optic canal
C) External acoustic meatus
D) Zygomatic process
B) Optic canal
True/False: The area of the internal acoustic meatus allows for passage of the trigeminal nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve and facial nerve.
False: only the vestibulocochlear and facial nerves.
True/False: The mandibular foramen allows for passage of the internal carotid artery which supplies the majority of blood to the brain.
False: Foramina lace rum of the temporal bone.
True/False: The cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone extends rostrally and aids in division of the nasal cavity along the nasal septum.
False: The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone extends rostrally, the cribiform plate lies most caudally and allows for passage of the olfactory nerves.
Which of the following is not an anatomical feature of the nasal bone?
A) Alveolar process
B) Nasal process
C) Septal process
D) Ethmoidal process and fossa
A) Alveolar passage
The two bones which contain alveolar processes and Interalveolar septa are the ____ and _____.
A) Maxillary and palatine
B) Incisive and palatine
C) Palatine and nasal
D) Incisive and Maxillary
D) Incisive and maxillary
True/False: Two important features of the maxillary bone are the nasolacrimal canal and the infraorbital foramen.
True
Which of the following is not an anatomical feature of the zygomatic bone:
A) Zygomatic arch
B) Temporal process
C) Frontal process
D) Zygomatic process
D) zygomatic process
True/ False: Cats have an undivided frontal sinus and also have a longer orbital ligament than dogs.
False: Cats have a shorter orbital ligament.
The only unpaired bone of the hyoid apparatus is the :
A) Thyrohyoid
B) Basihyoid
C) Epihyoid
D) Ceratohyoid
B) Basihyoid
True/ False: The mandibular symphysis is similar to the pelvic symphysis and is a fibrocartilagenous joint.
True
True/False: The Temporal-mandibular articulation is between the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone and the _____ of the mandible.
A) Coronoid process
B) Cuneiform process
C) Condyloid process
D) Mandibular notch
C) Condyloid process
