Muscles of the hind limb Flashcards
Which 5 muscles insert on the common calcanean tendon.
Gastrocnemius, Superficial digital flexor, gracillis, semitendonosus, biceps femoris (and soleus in cats).
Biceps Femoris m.
ORIGIN, INSERTION, ACTION, INNERVATION
Origin: tuber ischii and sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: common calcanean tendon
Action: to extend the hip, stifle, and tarso-crural joint (caudal part of muscle flexes stifle)
Innervation: Sciatic nerve
Semitendinosus m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: ischiatic tuberosity
INSERTION: Distocranial border of Tibia, also to the common calcanean tendon (tuber calcanei) by means of crural fascia
ACTION: To extend the hip joint, flex the stifle joint, and extend the tarsal joints
INNERVATION: Sciatic nerve.
Semimebranosus m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: The ischiatic tuberostiy
INSERTION: Medial condole of tibia as well as the caudal rough surface of the femur
ACTION: To extend the hip joint
Extend the stifle (the part which attaches to the femur), flexes and extends the stifle (part that attaches to the tibia (depending on the position of the limb)
INNERVATION: Sciatic nerve
Sartorius m.
Action, Innervation (know the 2 parts)
Cranial and caudal parts
ACTION: To flex the hip joint, cranial part extends the stifle, caudal part flexes the stifle.
INNERVATION: Femoral nerve
Gracilis m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
What is the symphyseal tendon?
ORIGIN: The pelvic symphysis by means of the symphyseal tendon.
INSERTION: Cranial border of tibia, and the common calcanean tendon (tuber calcanei)
ACTION: To adduct the limb, flex the stifle joint, and extend the hip and tarsal joints.
INNERVATION: Obturator nerve
Pectineus m.
Action, Innervation
ACTION: to adduct the limb
INNERVATION: Obturator nerve
Adductor m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: entire pelvic symphysis by means of symphyseal tendon
INSERTION: entire lateral lip of the caudal rough surface of the femur
ACTION: To adduct the limb and extend the hip joint
INNERVATION: Obturator nerve
Tensor Fascia Latae m.
Action, Innervation
ACTION: To tense the lateral femoral fascia, flex the hip joint, and extend stifle joint
INNERVATION: Cranial gluteal nerve
Superficial gluteal m.
Insertion, Action, Innervation
INSERTION: The third trochanter of the femur
ACTION: to abduct the limb and extend the hip joint
INNERVATION: Caudal gluteal nerve
Middle Gluteal and Piriformis m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: The crest and gluteal surface of the Ilium
INSERTION: the greater trochanter of the femur
ACTION: To extend and abduct the hip joint
INNERVATION: Cranial gluteal nerve
Deep Gluteal m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: Body of the ilium and ischiatic spine
INSERTION: Cranial aspect of greater trochanter of the femur
ACTION: To extend and abduct the hip joint
INNERVATION: Cranial gluteal nerve
Internal Obturator m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: the pelvic symphysis and dorsal aspect of ischium/ pubis
INSERTION: Trochanteric fossa of femur
ACTION: rotate pelvic limb laterally at the hip joint
INNERVATION: Sciatic Nerve
External Obturator m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: ventral surface of pubis and ischium
INSERTION: trochanteric fossa
ACTION: rotate the pelvic limb laterally at the hip joint
INNERVATION: Obturator nerve
Quadratus Femoris m.
Action, Innervation
ACTION: extend the hip joint and rotate the pelvic limb laterally
INNERVATION: Sciatic nerve
Gemelli m.
Action, Innervation
ACTION: rotate the pelvic limb laterally at the hip joint
INNERVATION: Sciatic nerve
Quadriceps Femoris m.
Origins (of 4 heads) Insertion (common) Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: Vasti muscles- proximal femur, rectus femoris- ilium
INSERTION: tibial tuberosity
ACTION: to extend the stifle, (rectus femoris also flexes hip)
INNERVATION: Femoral nerve
Iliopsoas m.
Action, Innervation
ACTION: flex the hip joint
INNERVATION: femoral nerve, and ventral branches of lumbar spinal nerves
Cranial tibial m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: extensor groove and cranial tibial border
INSERTION: The plantar surface of the base of metatarsals I and II???
ACTION: to flex the tarso-crural joint, also rotate the paw laterally
INNERVATION: Fibular nerve
Long Digital Extensor m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: extensor fossa of the femur
INSERTION: the extensor processes of digit II-V
ACTION: To extend the tarso-crural joint and interdigital joints
INNERVATION: Fibular nerve
Fibularis (peroneus) Longus m.
Action, Innervation
ACTION: to flex the tarsal joints and rotate the paw medially
INNERVATION: Fibular nerve
Gastrocnemius m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: Medial and lateral subpracondylar tuberosities of the femur
INSERTION: tuber calcanei (common calcanean tendon_
ACTION: to extend the tarsal joints and flex the stifle joint
INNERVATION: Tibial nerve
Superficial Digital flexor m.
Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation
ORIGIN: lateral supracondylar tuberosity of the femur
INSERTION: tuber calcanei (common calcanean tendon) as well as the bases of middle phalanges of digits II-V
ACTION: to flex the first two digital joints, flex the stifle joint, and extend the tarsal joints
INNERVATION: Tibial nerve
Deep Digital Flexor m.
Know the names of the 3 heads
Action, Innervation
3 heads: lateral digital flexor, caudal tibial m,, medial digital flexor
ACTION: to flex the digits and extend the tarsal joints
INNERVATION: Tibial nerve
Popliteus m.
Action, Innervation
ACTION: to rotate the leg medially
INNERVATION: Tibial nerve
List the muscles that flex the tarsal joint and extend the digits
Cranial tibial m
Fibularis Longus
List the muscles that extend the tarsal joints and flex the digits
Deep digital flexor (3 heads)
Superficial digital flexor
Gastrochnemius (only extends tarsal joint and flexes stifle)
Semitendonosus
Long digital extensor (only extends all joints)
