Quiz # 1 Clinical Considerations Flashcards
Radiography/X-Rays
High energy radiation that can penetrate living tissues. Creates an image with radio dense tissues such as bone appearing white, and less dense tissues appearing in shades of grey or black
CT/CAT Scan
Computerized Axial Tomography - an imaging technique that reconstructs the human three-dimensional structure of the body
MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - An imaging technique that employs a magnetic field and radio waves to portray subtle structural differences.
MRI Procedure
1) High energy magnetic field 2) Protons arrange with field to create image
MRI Advantage
1) Relatively Safe 2) Good to see tissues
MRI Disadvantage
1) Long time 2) Poor visibility of bones 3) Can’t use if patient has metal implant
MRI Diagnostic capabilities
1) Tumors 2) Musculoskeletal and organ observation (tissues) 3) Blood flow 4) Brain abnormalities
CT Scan Procedure
Special type of X-ray; multiple x-rays traveling multiple directions at different angles; creates cross-sectional slices
CT Scan ADV
1) Fast (30s -5 min) 2) Less sensitive to movement 3) Metal friendly 4) relatively cheap and available
CT scan disadvantage
1) High radiation (Pregnant and children should stay away) 2) Less capable for tissue imagining compared to MRI
How are X-rays and CT scans different?
X-rays use one ray CT scans use multiple rays
CT Scan diagnostic capability
bone injury, lung/chest injury, Cancer, Traumatic brain injury
X-ray Advantages
1) inexpensive 2) Cheap 3) Simple to perform
X-ray diagnostic capability
1) mammography 2) Bone Density (Densitometry)
What is contrast medium used for?
Contrast medium is used in X-rays to make hollow or fluid filled structures visible in radiographs; structures that have contrast appear white
Constrast X-ray diagnostic capabilities
1) Angiography 2) Intravenous urography 3) Barium contrast X-ray (G.I tract)
Ultrasound definition and procedure
High frequency sound waves reflect off body tissues and are received by the same instrument.
Ultrasound adv
1) Safe 2) Non-invaisive 3) No dyes
Doppler ultrasound
observes size, location, and actions of organs and blood flow through blood vessels
PET Scan Definition and Procedure
Substance emits positrons (positively charged particles) into the tissue which receives it. Positrons interact with electrons in tissues producing gamma rays. Gamma rays are absorbed by gamma ray cameras forming a PET scan.
PET Scan order of increasing activity
Blue & Black (Minimal), Red, orange, yellow, white`
PET Scan diagnostic capabilities
Used to study the physiology of structures, such as metabolism in the heart.
Endoscopy Procedure
Visual examination of the inside body (organ or cavity) using an endoscope
Colonoscopy
examines interior of the colon
Laparoscopy
used to examine the organs within the abdominopelvic cavity
Arthroscopy
Used to examine the interior of a joint usually the knee
