QUIZ #1

Question 1

Raymond Williams’ 3 meanings of culture:

Answer 1

culture as a process of individual enrichment, as when we say that someone is “cultured”
culture as a group’s “particular way of life,”
culture as an activity, pursued by means of the museums, concerts, books, and movies that might be encouraged

Question 2

is a set of values, norms, and behaviors shared by a social group.

Answer 2

Culture

Question 3

A way of life and the society’s design for living

Answer 3

Culture

Question 4

A society’s system of shared and learned values and norms;

Answer 4

Culture

Question 5

The totality of learned and socially transmitted behavior

Answer 5

Culture

Question 6

It is a product of interaction of material and non-material

Answer 6

Culture

Question 7

also encapsulates the way of life of a social group.

Answer 7

Culture

Question 8

described a cultural “toolkit” from which we can choose the appropriate tools—values, norms, practices—for any social situation.

Answer 8

Ann Swidler (1986)

Question 9

learned, not instinctual or inherited.

Answer 9

culture is learned, not instinctual or inherited.

Question 10

culture

Answer 10

learned
Culture is socially transmitted
Culture is a social product
Culture is unconscious
Culture is adaptive
Culture has sanctions and controls
Culture is stable yet dynamic
Culture is both material and non-material

Question 11

Components of Culture

Answer 11

Non-Material Culture

Values and Beliefs
Norms 
Symbols / Gestures
Language
Material Culture

Food
Clothing
House / Design

Question 12

are the building blocks of Norms, which are basic rules of social conduct

Answer 12

Values

Question 13

Expectations about the way people do things in a specific country

Answer 13

Norms

Question 14

Three kinds:

Answer 14

Folkways, Mores and Laws

Question 15

Positive Mores

Answer 15

you can

Question 16

Negative Mores

Answer 16

you can’t

Question 17

Social rules and guidelines; guide appropriate behavior for specific situations

Answer 17

Norms

Question 18

Those ideals that a society holds above all others

Answer 18

Values and Belief system

Question 19

Abstract ideas about the

Answer 19

the good, the right, and the desirable

Question 20

is one of the most significant cultural universals (others include marriage and art).

Answer 20

Language

Question 21

Anything that the society has agreed upon to signify a meaning or understanding within and between its people

Answer 21

Symbols/Gestures

Question 22

A legacy or attributes of a group or society that are inherited from generation to generation, maintained in the present, and bestowed for the benefit of the future generation

Answer 22

Cultural Heritage

Question 23

These may include both

Answer 23

material culture (tangible) and non-material culture (intangible).

Question 24

It defines situations
It defines attitudes, values, and goals
It defines folkways, traditions, and mythology
It provides behavior patterns

Answer 24

Social Construction

Question 25

Cultural Centrism

Answer 25

Cultural Centrism

Question 26

judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one's own culture by viewing one’s own culture as normal and, oftentimes, superior.

Answer 26

Ethnocentrism

Question 27

Viewing a foreign culture as superior and that his own culture is inferior to that foreign culture.

Answer 27

Xenocentrism

Question 28

Judging a simpler lifestyle as better or more acceptable

Answer 28

Noble Savage Mentality

Question 29

A belief that the cultural enterprise of a certain culture must be passed on to another.

Answer 29

Cultural Burden

Question 30

is the treatment or consideration of, or making a distinction in favor of or against, a person based on the group, class, or category to which the person is perceived to belong rather than on individual attribute

Answer 30

Discrimination

Question 31

any thought widely adopted about a specific type of individual or certain ways of behaving intended to represent the entire group of those individuals or behaviors as a whole

Answer 31

Stereotyping

Question 32

a perceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience, that may cause harm or injury that results or may result from some action or judgement

Answer 32

prejudicing

Question 33

an act of identifying a behavior of individual that is used to determine or classify as a deviant.

Answer 33

Labelling

Question 34

the act of suspecting or targeting a person based on certain profile, such as race, age, gender, etc. rather than on individual suspicion

Answer 34

profiling

Question 35

is discrimination and prejudice towards people based on their race and ethnicity

Answer 35

Racism

Question 36

is discrimination and prejudice towards people based on their sex, sexual orientation, gender, and / or gender preference. It is the belief that one gender is intrinsically superior than another.

Answer 36

Sexism

Question 37

the unwanted conduct related to a relevant protected characteristic, which has the purpose or effect of violating an individual’s dignity, or creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating, or offensive environment for that individual.

Answer 37

Harassment

Question 38

occurs when an employee is treated badly because they have made or supported a complaint against a higher/co-equal worker, or suspected of doing so

Answer 38

victimization

Question 39

occurs when an employee is treated badly because they have made or supported a complaint against a higher/co-equal worker, or suspected of doing so

Answer 39

ageism

Question 40

a form of social stratification by endogamy, hereditary transmission of a lifestyle, status, and customary social interaction and exclusion.

Answer 40

caste

Question 41

encompasses a range of negative attitude and feeling towards homosexuality or people who are perceived as being homosexual

Answer 41

homophobic discrmination

Question 42

the process by which a person or a group is placed outside of the norm, into the margins

Answer 42

otherism

Question 43

a concerted effort by a group to ostracize a person based on being undesirability.

Answer 43

blacklisting

Question 44

Acceptance of different culture with respect each other's differences.

Answer 44

cultural diversity

Question 45

Social institutions found in virtually all societies.

Answer 45

universal culture

Question 46

Process of spreading cultural traits or social process from a society to another through direct contact and exposure to the new form

Answer 46

cultural diffusion

Question 47

The idea that all norms belief, and values are dependent on their cultural context, ad should be treated as such.

Answer 47

Cultural relativism

Question 48

Blending or fusion of two distinct culture through long periods of interaction Process by which a person or a group's language and/or culture come to resemble those of another group.

Answer 48

assimilation

Question 49

Involves borrowing and imitation that leads to permanent cultural diffusion process of cultural change and psychological change that results following meeting between cultures

Answer 49

Acculturation

Question 50

Deliberate infusion of a new culture to another | Process whereby individuals learn their group's culture, through experience, observation, and instruction

Answer 50

enculcuration

Question 51

Biological or hereditary fusion of societies

Answer 51

amalgamation

Question 52

Feeling of disbelief, disorganization and frustration after an encounter with a different cultural pattern or practice.

Answer 52

culture shock

Question 53

Gap between the material and non-material culture.

Answer 53

culture lag

Question 54

A subculture is a group whose norms and values differ from those of the “mainstream.”

Answer 54

A subculture

Question 55

- Subculture whose standards come in conflict with and oppose the conventional standards of the dominant culture

Answer 55

sub-culture

Question 56

- Subculture whose standards come in conflict with and oppose the conventional standards of the dominant culture

Answer 56

counter-culture

Question 57

The co-existence of diverse cultures, where culture includes racial, religious, or cultural groups and is manifested in customary behaviors, cultural assumptions and values, patterns of thinking, and communicative styles.

Answer 57

multiculturalism

Question 58

Disenfranchisement of culture through absorption of a local culture by a dominant outside culture

Answer 58

Cultural Hemogenity