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Preparatory Chemistry with Stec > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Sublimation

A

Physical change from solid to gas. Eg. Ice sublimating our of trays in the freezer.

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2
Q

Deposition

A

Gas to solid

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3
Q

Condensation

A

Gas to liquid

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4
Q

Evaporation

A

Liquid to gas

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5
Q

Ion

A

Charged atoms

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6
Q

Cations

A

Positive Ions. Ions with more protons than electrons.

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7
Q

Anions

A

Negative Ions. Ions with more electrons than protons.

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8
Q

Which elements form cations?

A

Metals

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9
Q

Which elements form anions?

A

Non-metals

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10
Q

Periods

A

Rows on the periodic table.

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11
Q

Groups

A

Columns on the periodic table.

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12
Q

Transition Elements

A

Groups 3-12

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13
Q

Main Group or Representative Elements

A

1-2 and 13-18

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14
Q

Metals, Nonmetals and Metaloids

A
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15
Q

Characteristics of Metals

A
  • Solid at room tempertature, excepts Hg
  • Shiny
  • Conducts heat and electical current
  • Malleable
  • Ductile
  • Loses electrons to form cations
  • 75% of the periodic table is metal
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16
Q

Characteristics of Metaloids

A
  • Properties of metals and non-metals
  • Solid at room temperature
  • Semiconductors, intermediate conductivity which can be changed and controlled. This makes them useful in manufacturing.
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17
Q

Characteristics of Nonmetals

A
  • Can be found in all three states (solid, liquid, gas)
  • Poor conductors
  • Solids are brittle at room temperature
  • Gains electrons to become anions
  • Excepts for H, found mostly in the upper right hand corner of the periodic table.
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18
Q

Alkali Metals

A
  • Groups 1A
  • lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium,
  • Incredibly reactive
  • Very silvery and soft
  • Combines rapidly with oxygen, chlorine and hydrogen to form salt structures. Most salts are very water soluble.
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19
Q

Alkaline Earth Metals

A
  • Group 2A
  • beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium
  • Very reactive, particularly with water. Though some elements require heat to be reactive.
  • Shiny and silvery-white
  • Combine rapidly with oxygen and hologens
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20
Q

Chalcogens

A
  • Group 6A
  • oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium, livermorium
  • solid when soft
  • poor conductors
  • form compounds easily
  • S and O very reactive with metals to form salts
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21
Q

Halogens

A
  • Groups 7A
  • fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astitine
  • Highly reactive, especially with alkali metal and alkaline earth metals
  • “Salt-forming elements” Gases at room temperature
  • Very reactive with most other elements
    *
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22
Q

Noble Gases

A
  • Group 8A
  • helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), radon (Rn)
  • Colorless, odorless
  • Very low reactivity
23
Q

Radioactivity

A
  • An unstable nucleus emits a few energetic subatomic particles and changes the atom into different isotopes of different elements.
  • The emitted subatomic particles are what we know as nuclear radiation.
  • The isotopes that emit them are termed radioactive.
25
Q

Physical change from solid to gas. Eg. Ice sublimating our of trays in the freezer.

A

Sublimation

26
Q

Gas to solid

A

Deposition

27
Q

Gas to liquid

A

Condensation

28
Q

Liquid to gas

A

Evaporation

28
Q

Charged atoms

29
Q

Positive Ions. Ions with more protons than electrons.

29
Q

Positive Ions. Ions with more protons than electrons.

30
Q

Negative Ions. Ions with more electrons than protons.

31
Q

Metals

A

Which elements form cations?

31
Q

Metals

A

Which elements form cations?

32
Q

Non-metals

A

Which elements form anions?

33
Q

Rows on the periodic table.

33
Q

Rows on the periodic table.

34
Q

Columns on the periodic table.

35
Q

Groups 3-12

A

Transition Elements

35
Q

Groups 3-12

A

Transition Elements

36
Q

1-2 and 13-18

A

Main Group or Representative Elements

37
Q
  • Solid at room tempertature, excepts Hg
  • Shiny
  • Conducts heat and electical current
  • Malleable
  • Ductile
  • Loses electrons to form cations
  • 75% of the periodic table is metal
A

Characteristics of Metals

37
Q
  • Properties of metals and non-metals
  • Solid at room temperature
  • Semiconductors, intermediate conductivity which can be changed and controlled. This makes them useful in manufacturing.
A

Characteristics of Metaloids

38
Q
  • Can be found in all three states (solid, liquid, gas)
  • Poor conductors
  • Solids are brittle at room temperature
  • Gains electrons to become anions
  • Excepts for H, found mostly in the upper right hand corner of the periodic table.
A

Characteristics of Nonmetals

38
Q
  • Groups 1A
  • lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium,
  • Incredibly reactive
  • Very silvery and soft
  • Combines rapidly with oxygen, chlorine and hydrogen to form salt structures. Most salts are very water soluble.
A

Alkali Metals

38
Q
  • Group 2A
  • beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium
  • Very reactive, particularly with water. Though some elements require heat to be reactive.
  • Shiny and silvery-white
  • Combine rapidly with oxygen and hologens
A

Alkaline Earth Metals

39
Q
  • Group 6A
  • oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium, livermorium
  • solid when soft
  • poor conductors
  • form compounds easily
  • S and O very reactive with metals to form salts
A

Chalcogens

39
Q
  • Groups 7A
  • fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astitine
  • Highly reactive, especially with alkali metal and alkaline earth metals
  • “Salt-forming elements” Gases at room temperature
  • Very reactive with most other elements
    *
39
Q
  • Group 8A
  • helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), radon (Rn)
  • Colorless, odorless
  • Very low reactivity
A

Noble Gases

39
Q
  • An unstable nucleus emits a few energetic subatomic particles and changes the atom into different isotopes of different elements.
  • The emitted subatomic particles are what we know as nuclear radiation.
  • The isotopes that emit them are termed radioactive.
A

Radioactivity

39
Q
  • An unstable nucleus emits a few energetic subatomic particles and changes the atom into different isotopes of different elements.
  • The emitted subatomic particles are what we know as nuclear radiation.
  • The isotopes that emit them are termed radioactive.
A

Radioactivity

40
Q

Precision

A

Several measurements are close to each other.

41
Q

Accuracy

A

Individual measurements are close to an accepted value.

Preparatory Chemistry with Stec (8 decks)

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