Quiz 1

Question 1

Controlled substances

Answer 1

Controlled substances- also called scheduled drugs; any drug listed on one of the “schedules” of the Controlled Substance Act

Question 2

Drug polymorphism

Answer 2

a patient’s age, gender, size, and/or body composition that causes a varied response to a drug

Question 3

Ethnopharmacology

Answer 3

study of the effect of ethnicity on drug responses such as drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion; also includes the study of genetic variations to drugs

Question 4

Legend Drugs

Answer 4

name for prescription drugs

Question 5

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs

Answer 5

drugs available without a prescription

Question 6

Herbal medicine

Answer 6

using herbs for healing

Question 7

Herb

Answer 7

plant components such as bark, roots, leaves, seeds, flowers, fruit trees, and extract used for medicinal qualities

Question 8

Iatrogenic effects

Answer 8

adverse unintentional effects that are caused by the actions of the prescriber, by a specific treatment or other healthcare professionals

Question 9

Phygochemicals

Answer 9

active pharmacological ingredient in herbal remedies

Question 10

Schedule I

Answer 10

has high abuse potential, no medical use, and severe physical and psychological dependency potential.

Question 11

Schedule II

Answer 11

has high abuse potential, is accepted for medical use, and severe physical and psychological dependency potential.

Question 12

Schedule III

Answer 12

has less abuse potential less than C-II, is accepted for medical use, and moderate physical or high psychological dependency potential.

Question 13

Schedule IV

Answer 13

has less abuse potential than C-III, is accepted for medical use, and limited physical or psychological dependency potential.

Question 14

Schedule V

Answer 14

has less abuse potential than C-IV, is accepted for medical use, and limited physical or psychological dependency potential.

Question 15

Schedule I dispensing restrictions

Answer 15

are only with approved protocol and an example is heroin or marijuana.

Question 16

Schedule II dispensing restrictions

Answer 16

are with written prescription only with no refills and must have a warning label, an example is cocaine or codeine.

Question 17

Schedule III dispensing restrictions

Answer 17

are with written or oral prescription that expires in 6 months with no more than 5 refills in 6 months and must have a warning label, an example is hydrocodone.

Question 18

Schedule IV dispensing restrictions

Answer 18

are with written or oral prescription that expires in 6 months with no more than 5 refills in 6 months and must have a warning label, an example is phenobarbital.

Question 19

Schedule V

Answer 19

is with prescription or over the counter (can vary with state law), an example is cough medicine.

Question 20

What does the FDA require on the label of OTC medications (“drug facts”)

Answer 20

the purposes and uses of the product, specific warnings such as when the product should not be used, when to consult a doctor, the side effects, substances or activities to avoid, dosage instructions, active and inactive ingredients, and storage information

Question 21

List the criteria for over the counter status

Answer 21

The consumer must be easily able to diagnose the condition, monitor the effectiveness and the benefits must outweigh the risks. The drug must have favorable adverse event profile, limited interaction with other drugs, low potential for abuse, and high therapeutic index. The drug must also be easy to use.

Question 22

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of OTC drugs versus prescription drugs.

Answer 22

Over the counter drugs can give patients a quicker response to the onset of illness since they don’t require a prescription. Other advantages are that they cover a wide variety of issues and illness. Disadvantages are that there is not any monitoring by a medical professional and they may not have a correct diagnosis. It also can delay care for more major illnesses.

Question 23

What patient education is essential as it relates to OTC medications

Answer 23

Patients need to know how to correctly read labels on the medicines. They also need to know what medications can interfere with each other and how it can affect any chronic illnesses they already have.

Question 24

Are herbs and dietary supplements regulated to the same standards as OTC and legend drugs?

Answer 24

They are not regulated the same because the FDA has little oversight over dietary supplements. They are required to put a warning label of liver toxicity.

Question 25

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 25

What drug does to the body, the therapy the response

Question 26

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 26

What the body does to the drug, example half life and protein binding

Question 27

after cell injury brief _____ occurs then _____ immediately follows

Answer 27

vasoconstriction, vasodilation

Question 28

vasodilation chemical mediators

Answer 28

endothelial cells retract, increase capillary permeability, and movement of fluid from capillaries into tissue (increased protein)