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ANTH 2120 > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anthropology

A

study evolution and culture

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2
Q

what field of anthropology was Sir Edward Taylor

A

social cultural

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3
Q

Daniel Lieberman is what type of anthropologist

A

paleoanthropologist

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4
Q

john hawks is what type of anthropologist

A

biological

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5
Q

what type of anthropologist is jane Goodall

A

pimatologist

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6
Q

what type of anthropologist is franz de waal

A

primatologist

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7
Q

Margaret mead is what type of anthropologist

A

cultural

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8
Q

Bronislaw malinowski is what type of anthropologist

A

Cultural

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9
Q

holistic

A

whole study of humankind, all aspects of life

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10
Q

ethnocentrism

A

cultural superiority belief

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11
Q

cultural relativism

A

an individual should be interpreted in terms of his own culture

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12
Q

verstehen

A

understand intention and context of human action

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13
Q

material culture

A

physical products of the past

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14
Q

sites

A

preserved places of past cultures

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15
Q

features

A

non-moveable artifacts

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16
Q

artifacts

A

objects of cultural interest

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17
Q

ecofacts

A

flora and fauna found at archeological sites

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18
Q

fossils

A

preserved remains of previously living things

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19
Q

fossil locality

A

site of fossil find

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20
Q

taphonomy

A

study of what happens to an organism postmortem until its discovery

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21
Q

examples of chance find

A

Machu Picchu, A. Sediba

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22
Q

unsystematic survey

A

based on terrain, random

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23
Q

systematic survey

A

grid transects with GPS

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24
Q

subsurface testing is done using

A

LiDAR, shovel test pits, excavation

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25
Q

remote sensing is done using

A

magnetometer, GPR, thermography, conductivity, resistivity

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26
Q

conditions conducive to preservation

A

caves, bogs, water, etc

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27
Q

Laetoli footprints

A

3.6 mya footprints found preserved in volcanic ash in Tanzania

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28
Q

Bog body examples

A

Tollund man, grauballe man, Lindow man, Pete Marsh

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29
Q

relative dating method examples

A

stratigraphy (grand canyon) and palynology

30
Q

absolute dating example

A

carbon 14, potassium dating

31
Q

carbon 14 dating goes back how many years

A

up to 50,000

32
Q

potassium dating goes back how many years

A

4.3 million - 100,000

33
Q

ethnography

A

relies on the written account of participant observation and fieldwork

34
Q

IACUC is in charge of

A

reviewing research with animals

35
Q

IRB is in charge of reviewing

A

research with humans

36
Q

four significant events in evolution

A

separation from other primates, evolution of homo genus, separation of sapiens species, agriculture

37
Q

evolution

A

scientific study of change over time

38
Q

cosmology

A

narratives about the origin of the universe and humans

39
Q

creationism

A

all differences and similarities originated when the world was created

40
Q

Lamarckism

A

inheritance of acquired traits

41
Q

catastrophism

A

a cycle of creation and catastrophes

42
Q

uniformitism

A

change is slow and steady

43
Q

natural selection

A

nature selects the most fit to survive and reproduce in a given environment

44
Q

balanced polymorphism

A

when two alleles of a gene are maintained in a population because individuals carrying both are able to survive

45
Q

balanced polymorphism example

A

sickle cell disease in Nigeria

46
Q

gradualism evolution

A

slow as population becomes more isolated

47
Q

punctuated equilibrium

A

major changes occur periodically, leading to rapid speciation

48
Q

dysevolution

A

cultural buffering of unfit prevents evolution

49
Q

prosimians

A

60 mya, before apes

50
Q

characteristics of new world monkeys

A

prehensile, vestigial digit

51
Q

lesser apes examples

A

siamangs, lar gibbons

52
Q

greater ape examples

A

orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos

53
Q

brachiation

A

swing from tree to tree

54
Q

bipedalism

A

walk on two legs

55
Q

social grooming promotes

A

bonding, negate conflict

56
Q

sexual dimorphism

A

males are bigger than females

57
Q

habituation

A

accustoming to human presence by prolonged exposure

58
Q

quadrupedal

A

knuckle walking

59
Q

example of a proto-primate fossil

A

purgatorius

60
Q

prosimian fossil

A

tetanius

61
Q

lesser ape fossil

A

proconsul africanus

62
Q

hominid specimens from oldest to most recent

A

ardi, lucy, taung child, mrs ples, Turkana boy

63
Q

three genuses of hominids

A

Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, homo

64
Q

species of hominids

A

a. afarensis, a. africanus, a. bosei, h. habilis, h. erectus, h. neanderthalensis, h. sapien

65
Q

hominid characteristics

A

bipedalism, increased cranial capacity, reduction in face, jaw, detention, prominent chin

66
Q

where was ardi found

A

Ethiopia

67
Q

where was lucy found

A

ethiopia

68
Q

where was taung child and mrs ples found

A

africa

69
Q

where was Turkana boy found

A

kenya

70
Q

denisovans

A

interbreeding of neandrathals and Asian homos found in siberia

71
Q

homo floresiensis

A

homo erectus dwarf found in indonesia

72
Q

homo naledi

A

small homos found in south africa

ANTH 2120 (4 decks)

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