quiz 1 Flashcards
med period
450-1450
manuscript (ms., plural mss.)
HANDWRITTEN book, doc, music piece
sacred
churchy
secular
not churchy
liturgy
participation of people in work of god > mass, gospel, worship
plainchant
sung sacred text; usually latin, nonmetric, monophonic, a cappella
gregorian chant
plainchant assc with pope greg 1’s 6th cent reforms
mass
public worship
mass proper
part of mass that changes based on part of lit year
mass ordinary
always the same
ordinary in order
kyrie > gloria > credo > sanctus > agnus dei
church modes/modal harmony
basis of medieval harmonic system (scales)
plainchant performance practice
direct, responsorial, or antiphonal
direct performance
solo or unison; everyone sings same thing
responsorial def
leader does verses, choir or congregation answers with next verse or refrain > amen or hallelujah common
antiphonal
singers div into groups and alternate phrases; no leader
gradual
genre - part of mass, after epistle and before alleluia
alleluia
genre - part of mass
drone (part)
one note throughout the piece
earliest extant mss of secular voc music
12th cent
earliest extant mss of inst music
12th cent
notre dame school start
1170
organum
genre - sacred medieval polyphony > adding addl melodic lines, 1-3, to plainchant
troubadour/trobairitz/trouvère
LITERATE secular poets/composers > music for royal court
jongleur
illiterate “freelance” musicians > usually memorized music
estampie
genre, dance - usually several repeated units, monophonic, textless
courtier
person attending royal court to advise royals
occitan/provençal
language - 12th, 13th cent
canso
genre - troubadour love song, occitan
hortus deliciarum when
1175
hortus deliciarum what
big ms by herrad of landsberg > by woman for women
strophic form
same melody, diff verse
cantus firmus
new parts added to old plainchant; sacred, polyphonic
notre dame school when
12th-14th cent
notre dame school what
sacred + sec poly music
notre dame big composers
léonin, pérotin
notre dame big style term
ars antiqua
notre dame big genres
organum, motet, conductus, mass mvt
conductus
ars antiqua; performed while lectionary was carried to be read
conductus when
~1150-14th cent
ars antiqua big composers
leonin, perotin
ars nova style what
“new art” style
ars nova notation what
music notation > flexible rhythm notation, subdivisions
ars subtilior what
style - mostly secular court music, more complicated rhythm + dissonance; fixation on complexity
chantilly codex what
most extensive ars subt. ms., lots of dance, mostly french
guillaume da machaut when, who, what style, and big accomp
1300-1377; cleric, courtier, poet/musician; ars nova foremost composer, sacred + sec, earliest known complete ordinary mass setting
da machaut big thing
earliest extant complete ordinary mass setting, notre dame mass
a cappella
duh
ensemble
timbres heard in the piece > voices, instruments, accomp or main parts
genre
category of music composition > style traits
pitch
uh
monophonic texture
one melody line (can be multiple ppl singing)
polyphonic texture
different melody/harmony lines + diff rhythms
homophonic texture
ONE melody + accomp > same rhythm (i think)
syllabic text setting
each syllable = one pitch
melismatic text setting
multiple pitches per syllable
importance of literacy in extant music
not many people were illiterate and did not write their music down, so we just have sacred music until the 12th (?) cent
dance in early extant inst music
expected activity in court; most instrumental music was dance
infl of music notation on writing of early music hx
tended to be incomplete bc performers did not write details of performance, so we don’t know if instruments were used or how music was performed
anon - viderunt omnes
anon - viderunt omnes
anon - viderunt omnes
anon - viderunt omnes
anon - viderunt omnes
anon - viderunt omnes
anon - viderunt omnes
anon - viderunt omnes
anon - viderunt omnes
hildegard von bingen - alleluia! o virga mediatrix (1)
hildegard von bingen - alleluia! o virga mediatrix (1)
hildegard von bingen - alleluia! o virga mediatrix (1)