Quinolones

Question 1

quinolones exhibit gram ___ activity making them good agents to treat UTI

Answer 1

negative

Question 2

quinolones have ___ oral absorption

Answer 2

good

Question 3

what are the most commonly used quinolones called?

Answer 3

6-fluoroquinolones

Question 4

what do second generation quinolones treat that cephalosporins and penicillins don’t?

Answer 4

atypical organisms

Question 5

what generation of quinolones treat gram negative organisms except pseudomonas?

Answer 5

first generation

Question 6

what generation of quinolones have increased gram negative activity and some specificity against gram positive as well as atypical organisms?

Answer 6

second generation

Question 7

what generation of quiniolones have activity against gram negative organisms and have extended gram positive and atypical activity?

Answer 7

third generation

Question 8

what generation of quinolones have gram positive and negative activity, broad activity against anaerobes (dont requre oxygen), and are reserved for life/limb threatening infections

Answer 8

fourth generation

Question 9

are quinolones bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

Answer 9

bactericidal (inhibit DNA synthesis)

Question 10

what is the primary target of quinolones in gram negative bacteria?

Answer 10

topoisomerase II

Question 11

what is the primary target of quinolones in gram positive bacteria?

Answer 11

topiosomerase IV

Question 12

what type of topiosomerase is type I bacteria made up of?

Answer 12

1 and 3

Question 13

what type of topiosomerase is type II bacteria made up of?

Answer 13

2 and 4

Question 14

which topiosomerase adds negative supercoils and involves a DNA double strand break?

Answer 14

II

Question 15

which topiosomerase adds positive supercoils and involves a DNA doubel strand break in one DNA molecule?

Answer 15

IV

Question 16

How many alpha and beta subuntis does topiosomerase II and IV consist of?

Answer 16

2 of each

Question 17

which type of resistance to quinolones has not be observed?

Answer 17

by plasmid mediated mechanisms

Question 18

in gram negative bacteria there is an ___ relationship between uptake and logP, thus as lipophilicity increases (more polar), antibacterial activity decreases

Answer 18

inverse

Question 19

in gram positive bacteria there is a ____ correlation between uptake and logP, thus as lipophillicity increases, antibacterial activity increases

Answer 19

direct

Question 20

gram negative bacteria have ___ ___ in the outer envelope which allow reuptake of charged ions

Answer 20

porin channels

Question 21

why do quinolones exhibit low CNS effects?

Answer 21

low CNS penetration

Question 22

why should quinolones NOT be used in young people before puberty or in sexually active females of childbearing age?

Answer 22

they have been shown to cause erosion of load bearing joints in young people

Question 23

why should pateints who are taking quinolones with coadministration of theophylline be monitored?

Answer 23

quinolones increase theophyllines action

Question 24

quinolones exhibit ___ oral absorption

Answer 24

good

Question 25

why should you avoid coadministration of quinolones and antacids, hematinics, and dairy products?

Answer 25

quinolones demonstrate chelating properties