QUICK FIRE Industrial and Post-industrial and Post WWII Flashcards
negative effects of the industrial revolution
- lack on income
- poor health
- loss of rights
- lack of public provision
- lack of leisure time
- long working hours
positive effects of the transport revolution
- improved access to the countryside
- cheaper train travel
- sport increased from local to national games
- teams and spectators could move
what is industrial patronage
factory teams set up by factory owners
how did the middle class support developments in sport
- increasing leisure time
- increasing public provision
- introduced competitions
- moved to professionalism
characteristics of rational recreation
- respectability
- regional/nationally played
- codifications
- referees
- purpose built facilities
- skill and tactic based
factors that have increased female participation in modern-day football
- equal opportunities
- increased media coverage
- increased encouragement by FA
- more female role models
- more clubs forming
- more funding into games mean more participation
- more free time
key features on lawn tennis
- middle class invention
- played by middle class
- use of specialist equipment
- standardised rules
- played by males and females
what is the golden triangle
the relationship between sport, business and media
effects of commercialization on professional performers
- receive high incomes
- are paid for successful results
- under pressure to perform when injured
- controlled by sponsor
- lack of privacy
- increase importance of winning
what is globalisation
the process where nations are increasingly being linked together and people are becoming more interdependent through improvements in communication and travel
Urbanisation
Urbanization is the population shift from rural to urban areas
Rational recreation
- In the nineteenth century, these were sports pastimes for the lower classes
which were designed by the middle classes to be well ordered, organised and controlled.
3 developments of rational recreation
- communication (sporting press)
- transport
- technology (sporting specific clothing)
Why did NGBS begin to develop?
- Popularity: Sport was becoming increasingly popular with the playing of sport becoming more widespread .
- Teams & Clubs: More teams and clubs were forming.
- Fixtures: More national and international fixtures were being organised.
- Leagues & Competitions: Leagues and competitions were required for these teams to compete in.
- Codification / Rules: Nationally agreed rules and codification for different sports were required, a single
set of rules to play to was required in order to enable fair competition.
difference between 19th century amateur and modern day amateur
19th century amateur
High status: they held high status in sport and society
Controllers of sport: the middle and upper class controlled sport, excluding (e.g. financially)
working classes from ‘amateur sports’
Top Performers: it was more likely that top performers would come from middle class or
upper class
Highly moral: No payment, for love of it
Modern day amateur
- Tend to be of lower status (professionals now higher)
- Some high level performers are still not professional (e.g. gymnastics)
- Performance at the top level in most sports is now open to all
- Some amateurs receive financial backing for training expenses etc.
