Questions from osmosis Flashcards
What produces most of the mucus in the broncioles
Bronchiole mucinous glands
What causes wheeze
Narrowing of the airways by mucus
What causes crackles
The popping open of small airways
What condition do pink puffers have
Emphysema
What does the cough have to be in COPD
Productive, for atleast 3 months in two subsequent years
Which allergic cell is activated by IL4 (four letters)
Mast cells
Which allergic cell is activated by IL5
Eosinophils
What are curshmann spirals
Mucous plugs seen in the sputum of those with asthma (from bronchioles)
What are the three things given in severe asthma
IV corticosteroids, magnesium sulfate and oxygen therapy
Pneumonitis is associated with which hypersensitivity reaction
Type 3- immune complex mediated and Type4- delayed, t cell
Which complement proteins
C3a, C4a, C5a
How would you see pneumonitis on an XRay
Diffuse infiltrate
What is a bronchopulmonary lavage
Studies the fluid of the lungs, by inserting liquid and then removing
How is CF inherited
Autosomal recessive, CFTR protein. df508 mutation so cant pump out chlorine ions
Early childhood main CF side effect
Pancreatic insufficiency leading to malabsoption
What happens in the lungs in CF in later childhood
Mucin and defective mucocilliary escalator
What causes haemoptysis
When inflammation erodes into a blood vessel
Problems in CF other than pulmonary and cystic
No vas deferens so infertility in men, digital clubbing, nasal polyps and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosus
How is CF screened
Looks for IRT, pancreatic enzyme which is release when there is pancreatic damage. Salty sweat
