Questions

Question 1

What is Filtration used to separate?

Answer 1

Insoluble Solid from a Liquid

Question 2

What is Crystallisation used to separate?

Answer 2

Soluble Solid from a Solution

Question 3

What is separated during Chromatography?

Answer 3

Separating mixtures

Question 4

What is separated during Paper chromatography?

Answer 4

Dyes - inks, paints and food colouring’s

Question 5

What is separated in Distillation?

Answer 5

Mixtures containing Liquids?

Question 6

What are the two types of Distillation?

Answer 6

Simple and Fractional

Question 7

What is Simple Distillation used to separate?

Answer 7

Liquids from Solutions

Question 8

What is Fractional Distillation used to separate?

Answer 8

Mixtures of Liquids

Question 9

Who created the periodic Table?

Answer 9

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 10

What is referred to by the group and period of an element?

Answer 10

Group - The number of electrons in the outer shell

Period - The number of electron shells

Question 11

Where are Metals and Non-Metals on the periodic table?

Answer 11

Metals are on the bottom/left

Non-Metals are on the top/right

Question 12

Are metal oxides basic or acidic?

Answer 12

Basic - They will have a pH lower than 7

Question 13

Are non-Metal oxides basic or acidic?

Answer 13

Acidic - they will have a pH less than 7

Question 14

What are the name of Group 0 elements? And what properties do they have?

Answer 14

Noble Gases
They are inert (very sparse reactions)
Colourless gas

Question 15

Why do atoms try and gain/lose electrons?

Answer 15

To form full electron shells

Question 16

T/F - Ionic compounds have a lattice structure?

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Why are ionic bonds very strong?

Answer 17

They have a giant (ionic) structure, the ions are held together in a closely packed 3D lattice arrangement.

Question 18

Are ionic compounds electrical conductors?

Answer 18

When Solid - No

When melted into a liquid or dissolved in water - Yes

Question 19

Explain Diamonds structure?

Answer 19

Diamond is made up of a network of Carbon atoms, each forming four covalent bonds. The numerous strong covalent bonds are tough to break. This means Diamond has a high melting point and a very rigid lattice structure.

Question 20

Explain Graphite’s structure?

Answer 20

In graphite, each carbon atom has only three covalent bonds, creating layers of carbon atoms. The layers are held together weakly by inter-molecular forces, so slide freely over each other. Making graphite soft and slippery. Graphite has a high melting point and conducts electricity.

Question 21

What is the name of group 1 elements?

Answer 21

Alkali Metals

Question 22

What is the name of group 2 elements?

Answer 22

Alkaline Earth Metals

Question 23

What is the name of group 3 elements?

Answer 23

Rare-Earth Metals

Question 24

What is the name of group 4 elements?

Answer 24

Transition Metals

Question 25

What is the name of group 5 elements?

Answer 25

Transition Metals

Question 26

What is the name of group 6 elements?

Answer 26

Refractory Metals

Question 27

What is the name of group 7 elements?

Answer 27

Halogens

Question 28

What is the molar mass of Carbon?

Answer 28

12g - The Ar of carbon is 12

Question 29

What is the range of values possible for a percentage yield? And what do they mean?

Answer 29

0% - 100% 0% = No reactants were converted into products 100% = All the expected product was achieved

Question 30

How can you find the Empirical Formulae using Combustion?

Answer 30

1 - Heat a crucible until it is red hot (to make it clean/sterile) 2 - Weigh the crucible (with lid) 3 - Add Magnesium Ribbon to the crucible. Reweigh it to find the mass of magnesium ribbon. 4 - Heat the crucible with the Mg in and lid wit ha slight gap open 5 - Heat strongly for around 10 minutes, until all Mg has turned white. 6 - Reweigh the crucible and find the mass of the MgO

Question 31

What is the difference between an anhydrous and hydrated salt?

Answer 31

``` Hydrated = salt containing water (of crystallisation) Anhydrous = salt with no water (of crystallisation) ```

Question 32

What is a concentration usually measured in?

Answer 32

moles per dm^3 / grams per dm^3

Question 33

State the relationship between dm^3, cm^3 and litres

Answer 33

1dm^3 = 1000cm^3 = 1 litre

Question 34

``` Alkali Metals (Group 1's) - What is the oxide formed when LITHIUM reacts with water? ```

Answer 34

Lithium Oxide - Li20

Question 35

``` Alkali Metals (Group 1's) - What is the oxides are formed when SODIUM reacts with water? ```

Answer 35

A mixture of; Sodium Oxide - Na20 Sodium Peroxide - Na2O2

Question 36

``` Alkali Metals (Group 1's) - What is the oxides are formed when POTSSIUM reacts with water? ```

Answer 36

A mixture of; Potassium Peroxide - K2O2 Potassium Superoxide - KO2

Question 37

As you go down the Group 1 elements, they become .......... reactive.

Answer 37

More

Question 38

Name 3 group 1 elements

Answer 38

Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Caesium (Cs), Francium (Fr)

Question 39

Describe the appearance and reactivity of Halogen; | Chlorine - Cl2

Answer 39

Fairly reactive, poisonous green gas

Question 40

Describe the appearance and characteristics of Halogen; | Bromine - Br2

Answer 40

A poisonous, red-brown liquid, which give off an orange vapour at Room Temp.

Question 41

Describe the appearance and characteristics of Halogen; | Iodine - I2

Answer 41

A dark grey crystalline solid which give off a purple vapour when heated

Question 42

As the atomic number of Halogens increases, what happens to elements

Answer 42

They appear darker in colour | They have a higher boiling point

Question 43

What gas compositions make up the atmosphere?

Answer 43

- 78% Nitrogen - 21% Oxygen - nearly 1% Argon - only 0.04% Carbon dioxide

Question 44

What percentage of the atmosphere is made up of Carbon Dioxide?

Answer 44

0.04%

Question 45

What element can be used to determine oxygen percentages in the air?

Answer 45

Iron

Question 46

How can the percentage of oxygen in the air be determined?

Answer 46

Place Iron wool in a measuring cylinder and invert the cylinder in water. Record the starting position of water on the beaker. Leave the water to rise. (nearly a week). Record the final position of water in the the measuring cylinder.

Question 47

What metal element will not react with Water or Steam?

Answer 47

Copper

Question 48

What is the range of the pH scale?

Answer 48

1 - 14

Question 49

What is the strongest acid and strongest alkali possible?

Answer 49

Strongest acid - 0 | Strongest Alkali - 14

Question 50

What are the units of Delta H (Enthalpy change)

Answer 50

KJ/mol

Question 51

Is an enthalpy change positive or negative?

Answer 51

It can be both - Endo or Exo

Question 52

If a reaction is Exothermic, is the value positive or negative

Answer 52

Negative as the reaction is giving out energy. Losing Energy

Question 53

If a reaction is Endothermic, is the value positive or negative

Answer 53

Positive as the reaction is taking in energy. Gaining Energy

Question 54

Give an example of a reversible reaction.

Answer 54

The thermal decomposition of ammonium chloride NH4Cl(s) <=> NH3 + HCl

Question 55

What are the 4 GCSE functional groups?

Answer 55

Alkenes/Alkanes Alcohols Carboxylic Acids Esters

Question 56

The catalysts used in Cracking are - Alumina - Silica What are the formula for these two catalysts?

Answer 56

``` Alumina = Al2O3 Silica = SiO2 ```

Question 57

Is burning Hydrocarbons and endo or exo thermic reaction?

Answer 57

Exothermic - They are fuels!!!

Question 58

How is Sulphur dioxide produced in the burning of crude oil?

Answer 58

Sulphur impurities in the hydrocarbon fuels

Question 59

What name is given to the products of Halogens reacting with Alkanes?

Answer 59

Haloalkanes