Questions 21-50 Flashcards
STP - Details how a structure fire will burn within one of two burning regimes. List and describe the regimes.
- FUEL CONTROLLED
* Initial phase of fire development the fire grows as a direct function of the fuel itself with little or no influence from the compartment environment. ie. The size, shape or number of openings.
* If we continue to add fuel the fire will grow in size. If we remove fuel, the fire will decrease in size. - VENTILATION CONTROLLED
* Most structure fires will reach a stage where fire development and the Heat Release Rate (HRR) is now dictated by the availability of oxygen.
* This occurs during a fully developed fire when the fire is pyrolyzing more fuel than can be burnt with the available oxygen in the compartment.
* It will also occur prior to this if the enclosure has insufficient openings.
* Simply put, fire growth (and HRR) is limited by the available air (O2) supply.
STP (14 Residential Structure Fires) - Identifies the search priority in multi storey buildings, list the priorities.
- The fire floor
- The floor above, and
- The top floor
STP (14 Residential Structure Fires) - Outlines when a working at a task/tactical level and a firefighter becomes trapped, injured missing or overdue. What message should be sent to draw attention to the situation?
- A MAYDAY Message
According to STP (16 Incident Management) - When is an Incident Management System required to be used at incidents FRNSW attends?
- An IMS is used at every incident FRNSW attends
According to STP (16 Incident Management) - At every incident there must be a steady, adequate, and timely stream of resources. Who is the only person to deploy resources at an incident?
- The Incident Commander must be the only person to deploy resources.
- This ensures that the IC knows where the resources are and what they are doing and can ensure that their tasks are in line with the Incident Action Plan (IAP)
According to STP (16 Incident Management) -There are eight strategic functions of command the Incident Commander needs to address. List all eight.
- Deployment – ensuring a steady, adequate and timely stream of appropriate resources at the incident, and knowing the position and function of each resource at all times.
- Command – having a strong command presence from the outset of an incident.
- Situation evaluation – continuously collecting and evaluating information about the incident in order to determine critical factors.
- Incident action planning – having an incident action plan that addresses the critical factors.
- Incident communications – having efficient and effective incident communications to describe the flow of information within and out of the incident.
- Incident structure – having an incident structure that is flexible and able to be scaled to meet the incident size and needs, with the ability to delegate functions and responsibilities as span of control is reached.
- Review and revision – once in operation, reviewing and revising the strategy and plan, to keep it current with the changing needs of the incident.
- Escalation and de-escalation – as additional officers or an Incident Management Team arrive, scaling up the strategic management level of the incident; and scaling down as operations conclude.
A driver in a road tunnel noticed smoke coming from the engine compartment of their car and immediately pulled into the emergency break down bay and called 000. (SOG 6.6 Road Tunnel Incidents)
The Tunnel Control Centre closed the tunnel allowing attending fire crews access to extinguish the fire. Peak hour traffic is starting to build at the entrance to the tunnel and thick smoke is throughout. List the Smoke Management Systems found in road tunnels that could assist in clearing the smoke?
- Longitudinal ventilation (jet fans)
- Ducted ventilation
- Natural ventilation
- A combination of the above
According to SOGs (SOG 1. Incident Management – Deployment, Page 21) - As an incident develops and crews become fatigued, they will need to be rested. Name and describe the two ways crews can be rested.
- RECYCLE – Crews stop work for a short period just outside the Hot Zone, to rest, rehydrate, and replenish air cylinders if relevant. They remain accountable to the IC or Sector, Group or Division Commander (SGD Commander) as per the incident structure.
- FULL REHABILITATION – Crew is released and moves to the rehabilitation area. Once there, they are accountable to the Rehabilitation Officer.
According to SOGs (SOG 1. Incident Management – Incident Action Planning Page 35) - List and describe the three incident phases.
- Life at Risk Phase – where there are saveable human lives. The incident is uncontrolled and requires rapid actions to control the risks to life.
- Expanding Phase – where the incident is uncontrolled and likely to expand. It requires rapid actions to control risks to life and property.
- Contained Phase – there are sufficient resources to contain the incident within the defined area. There is no life at risk, or life or property have already been lost.
According to Standing Orders (PAGE 40) who are the people authorised to ride on FRNSW appliances?
Firefighters in the course of their duty;
* Employees of Fire and Rescue NSW whose duty requires their attendance at an emergency;
* Members of other emergency services at the discretion of the member in charge; OR
* Other persons authorised by the Commissioner.
The member in charge of an appliance is responsible for enforcing this instruction.
According to STP (1A – Flammable Liquid and Gases) - List and describe three ways foam controls and extinguishes fire.
- Excluding the fire’s supply of oxygen (smothering)
- Suppressing flammable vapours to stop them from igniting
- Cooling the surface temperature to prevent reignition
According to STP (1A – Flammable Liquid and Gases) – What are the characteristics of liquid petroleum gas?
- Odourless
- Colourless
- Heavier than air
According to STP (1A – Flammable Liquid and Gases) - What is the term used when a liquid within a container reaches a temperature well above its boiling temperature, boils, expands and the container fails sending flammable gas outwards where it ignites.
- Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion = BLEVE
According to STP (1A – Flammable Liquid and Gases) - What can be used to conduct a thermal check of an acetylene cylinder.
- Thermal Imaging Camera – every 15 minutes for 1 hour, OR
- Wetting Test – completely wet cylinder, check for steam or rapid drying, shouldn’t dry in 1-2 mins.
Expand the Acronym - SISIACMR (SOG 10.1 Guidelines for all Hazardous Material Incidents)
- Safe approach
- Incident control
- Scene security
- Identify hazmats
- Assess potential harm
- Call in resources
- Monitor Information
- Render safe and decontaminate
