Questions

Question 1

What is the pathogen associated w lyme dz?

Answer 1

Borrelia burgdorgeri

Question 2

clinical characteristic of a rash associated w lyme dz? What organism transmits it?

Answer 2

erythema migrans

tick

Question 3

Complications of lyme dz

Answer 3

arthritis w severe joint pain, bell’s palsy, heart palp

Question 4

2 enzymes required for metabolism of ethanol to acetate & what cofactor

Answer 4

alcohol dehydrogenase & acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

cofactor: NAD+

Question 5

What compound is used to increase acetaminophen metabolism by enhancing phase II reactions?

Answer 5

NAC

Question 6

What organ metabolizes the majority of ingested ethanol?

Answer 6

Liver

Question 7

The posterior auricular & superficial temporal arteries supply the parotid gland. What artery do they branch off of?

Answer 7

external carotid artery

Question 8

What is the most common cause of parotitis

Answer 8

mumps

Question 9

What nerve innervates the parotid gland?

Answer 9

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 10

Parotid glands start to develop at week 6. Which germ layer?

Answer 10

Endoderm

Question 11

A child has an autosomal recessive condition. DO both parents carry the trait or just 1 parent?

Answer 11

both

Question 12

What enzyme is required for differentiation of male external genitalia? internal genitalia?

Answer 12

External = 5alpha-reductase;

Internal = testosterone

Question 13

Testicular genesis

Answer 13

internal & external genitalia = female

Question 14

Which structure do male internal reproductive organs develop from?

External?

Answer 14

Internal = Wolffian duct

External = urogenital sinus

Question 15

The cloaca develops into

Answer 15

urinary bladder & urethra

Question 16

Leydig cells secrete

Answer 16

testosterone

Question 17

Cancer:

Burkitt’s lymphoma = __ virus

Answer 17

EBV

Question 18

The temporalis muscle attaches to the ____ on the mandible

The condyle forms the ___

Answer 18

coronoid process

TMJ

Question 19

The alveolar process in the mouth

Answer 19

holds the teeth

Question 19

The alveolar process in the mouth

Answer 19

holds the teeth

Question 20

Oncogene implicated in Burkitt’s lymphoma

Answer 20

c-myc

Question 21

WHat tissue is the mandible derived from

Answer 21

firt pharyngeal arch

Question 22

The tuberuculum laterale develops into

Answer 22

part of the tongue

Question 23

CSF of bacterial meningitis; ____ protein, _____ glucose, _______ neutrophils

Answer 23

increase proteins d/t leaks in capillaries

decrease glucose as bacteria uses glucose

increase neutrophils to fight infection

Question 24

How many ventricles are there in the brain

Answer 24

4: right lateral, left lateral, middle & 4th

Question 25

The cerebral aqueduct is located between what ventricles

Answer 25

Third & 4th

Question 26

____ is commonly seen in children w bacterial meningitis while ______ is seen in mycoplasmal (walking) pneumonia

Answer 26

Fever; rashes

Question 27

What tissue produces CSF?

Answer 27

choroid plexus;; cuboidal epithelium

Question 28

Dissemination of N. gonorrhoeae can result in

Answer 28

endocarditis, meningitis, arthritis as it can affect heart valves, meninges & joints

Question 29

T/F: HIV infection is increased five-fold in ppl w gonorrhea

Answer 29

TRUE

Question 30

N. gonorrhea stain

Answer 30

gram (-) intracellular diplococci

Question 31

Peripheral receptors are located in ____ layer of the skin

Answer 31

dermis

Question 32

Langerhans cells

Answer 32

think skin dendritic cells

Question 33

Merkel cells

Answer 33

light touch

Question 34

A major cofactor in the synthesis of reduced glutathione?

Answer 34

magnesium selenium, riboflavin

Question 35

Semimembranosus bursa is located where to the knee joint?

Answer 35

posterior

Question 36

Popliteus action

Answer 36

flexes the leg @ knee joint & internally rotates the tibia

Question 37

What artery feeds the gastrocnemius?

Answer 37

sural artery

Question 38

Which specialized cells produce cartilage?

Answer 38

Chondrocytes

Question 39

Functions of progesterone

Answer 39

prepares uterine lining for implantation thickens cervical mucus increases body temp

Question 40

T/F: progesterone stimulates egg maturation

Answer 40

false

Question 41

Cooper's ligament

Answer 41

supports breast tissue

Question 42

What artery supplies blood to the breast?

Answer 42

lateral thoracic & internal thoracic

Question 43

Most glandular tissue is found in what quadrant of the breast?

Answer 43

superiorlateral

Question 44

Physiologic female development

Answer 44

BiG PAM breast, growth spurt, pubic, axillary, menarche

Question 45

What nerve innervates the achilles tendon?

Answer 45

tibial nerve (posterior leg)

Question 46

The femoral nerve innervates what part of the leg? While the deep fibular nerve innervates what compartment?

Answer 46

anterior thigh anterior compartment

Question 47

+ babinski reflex

Answer 47

extension of flexor hallucis longus (big toe)

Question 48

Flexor pollicis vs flexor hallucis

Answer 48

Pollicis = hand hallucis = foot

Question 49

The dorsal striatum is made up of what basal ganglia? While the lentiform nucleus is made up of?

Answer 49

Putamen, caudate lentiform = globus pallidus + putamen

Question 50

Huntington's dz

Answer 50

atrophy of caudate

Question 51

Hypermyelinazation of corpus striatum

Answer 51

cerebral palsy

Question 52

Huntington's dz + DTR?

Answer 52

normal/unchanged bc it involves the basal ganglia not UMN/LMN

Question 53

Purine bases that convert to uric acid

Answer 53

Adenine & guanine

Question 54

During degradation of purine nucelotides GMP & AMP, _____ is the final substrate that is acted on by ____ to create uric acid

Answer 54

xanthine; xanthine oxidase

Question 55

Bradykinin is a vaso____

Answer 55

vasoconstrictor

Question 56

Tophi

Answer 56

gouty tophi = urates surrounded by giant cells

Question 57

T/F: ibuprofen is a RF for gout

Answer 57

FALSE, it actually decreases inflammation

Question 58

The 1st metatarsal forms a joint w which tarsal?

Answer 58

Medial cuneiform

Question 59

What bones join w metatarsals to form joints

Answer 59

cuneiforms

Question 60

Most common cause of rhinitis

Answer 60

viruses

Question 61

Allergic rhinitis is type _ hypersensitivty

Answer 61

type I

Question 62

Type II hypersensitivty

Answer 62

fixed antigen; goodpasture + grave's

Question 63

Type III hypersensitvity

Answer 63

complexes; SLE

Question 64

WHat week is respiration possible in a fetus

Answer 64

weeks 24+

Question 65

Goblet cells

Answer 65

secret mucus, only in bronchi

Question 66

Suspensory ligament aka

Answer 66

cooper's ligament; attaches mammary glands to dermis

Question 67

Erythropoises sequence

Answer 67

Hemocytoblast → proerythroblast → erythroblast → normoblast → reticulocyte → erythrocyte

Question 68

Initial substrates of heme synthesis

Answer 68

succinyl CoA & glycine

Question 69

Blood flow of from renal artery to glomerulus

Answer 69

aorta → renal artery → segmental artery → lobar artery → interlobar artery → arcuate artery → interlobular artery → afferent arteriole → glomerulus.

Question 70

Eye receives nutrition from the ___ humor & is attached to the

Answer 70

aqueous humor; ciliary bdoy

Question 71

The choroid of the eye contains

Answer 71

melanocytes