Question for exam 2 from the textbook

Question 1

A 36 week gestation fetus is more susceptible to HIE than a 40 year old person True or False

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Complications of germinal matrix hemorrhage occurring at 22 weeks of gestation include all of the following except: A. Hydrocephalus due to blockage of the aqueduct B. Psychomotor retardation from loss of neuronal and glial precursors C. Porencephaly, due to disruption of the periventricular white matter D. Fetal anemia from excessive blood loss

Answer 2

B. Psychomotor retardation from loss of neuronal and glial precursors

Question 3

The white matter is most frequently affected by HIE in: A. Premature infants B. Adults C. Both D. Neither

Answer 3

A. Premature infants

Question 4

This baby was born at 28 weeks of gestation. At 24 hours, he became hypotonic and his hematocrit dropped to 23. He died three days later. The pathology illustrated below is due to:

A.

Maternal immune thrombocytopenia Maternal immune thrombocytopenia

B.

Germinal matrix hemorrhage

C.

Birth injury

D.

Congenital infection

Answer 4

The picture shows blood in the 4th ventricle and around its exit foramina, which is the result of germinal matrix hemorrhage with ventricular rupture (IVH).

Question 5

A baby boy was born at 29 weeks of gestation and was discharged from the NICU at 34 weeks. At 7 months of age, spasticity of the lower extremities is apparent. The CT scan is shown below. The most likely cause of the abnormality is:

A.

X-linked hydrocephalus

B.

Undetected prenatal infection

C.

White matter damage due to ischemia

D.

A metabolic disorder

Answer 5

The CT shows enlargement of the lateral ventricles, consistent with diffuse PVL. PVL can cause diffuse white matter damage as well as focal white matter necrosis, cavitation and calcifications.