question 8 Flashcards
how does fascism view classical liberalism and Marxism
Fascism rejects both classical liberalism and Marxism in key ways, particularly through its views on the nation and the state.
Rejection of Classical Liberalism:
Individual Liberty vs. State Supremacy:
Classical liberalism values personal freedoms and limited government, while fascism prioritizes the state over the individual, expecting people to conform for the collective good.
Rejection of Classical Liberalism:
Democracy vs. Authoritarianism
Fascism opposes democracy and promotes a centralized, authoritarian government led by a single leader or party, suppressing political opposition.
Rejection of Classical Liberalism:
Rationality vs. Emotional Manipulation
Classical liberalism believes in human rationality, but fascism sees people as driven by emotions, justifying the need for strong leadership to manipulate emotions through fear and nationalism.
Rejection of Marxism
Class Struggle vs. National Unity
Marxism focuses on class conflict, while fascism stresses national unity and sees the nation as an organic community rather than a class-based society.
Rejection of Marxism
Collective Ownership vs. Corporatism
ascism rejects Marxist ideas of collective ownership, instead promoting corporatism—state control over the economy with private property, where businesses and workers cooperate for national interests.
Rejection of Marxism
Egalitarianism vs. Hierarchical Inequality:
Unlike Marxism’s aim for equality, fascism supports natural social hierarchies and inequality, promoting the idea that some groups are superior.
Fascist Views on Nation and State:
Fascism’s rejection of liberalism and Marxism ties to its belief in the nation as a unified body needing strong leadership to maintain its strength. The state is seen as the ultimate authority, organizing society around the nation’s interests, often through exclusion and suppression, justifying authoritarian, nationalist, and militaristic policies.
