Quebec Flashcards by Ryann Farny

Québec at forefront of

hydroelectric production

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Province has taken first steps toward

a knowledgebased economy

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Most Québécois have sense of

dual loyalty

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Québécois recognized as a “nation” within Canada in

November 2006

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what was the Meech Lake Accord 1990

After Quebec refused to ratify the Constitution Act of 1982

between the federal government and all ten provinces, was designed to address Quebec’s concerns by constitutionally recognizing it as a “distinct society.” The accord would also provide new powers to the provinces. Some premiers elected after the agreement, however, had reservations about its ratification. A Cree member of the Manitoba Legislative Assembly — Elijah Harper — filibustered against it, because it failed to provide for Aboriginal consultation. The Meech Accord expired in June 1990

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Quebec’s status since Confederation has

weakened due to:

o Change in geopolitical position (first one of
four provinces, now one of ten provinces
and three territories)
o Reduction in demographic clout
o Economic loss due to relocation of key
financial businesses to Ontario in 1970s

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Major industries—forestry and manufacturing—hit

hard by

sluggish demand for products from US

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Aerospace, metal refining, and pharmaceutical firms

now serving

North American and global customers

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3 Challenges Quebec is facing

-To continue creating knowledge-based
economy within core
-To advance global reach
-To ensure harmony between francophone
majority and minority-language groups

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Indigenous relation goals include

o Shared benefit of natural resource development

o Diminished dependency on government

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How is Quebec’s annual unemplayment rate in Canada

well above the average

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central concerns of Quebec’s french identity

lowering population will choke out culture

- will accomodation of immigrants destroy french

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what is the second largest manufacturing industry

petroleum refining

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Quebec is the ________ province in canada

largest

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what are the four physiographic regions

great lakes- St Lawrence Lowlands
Appalchian Uplands
Canadian Sheild
Hudson Bay Lowlands

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which physiographic region is the Best agricultural land in Québec; cultural core

Great Lakes- St Lawarence

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which physiographic region can be describes as Rolling hills, scenery, tourism, mining, forestry

Appalachian Uplands

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which physiographic region can be describes as having 90% of QC; forestry, hydro, home to Cree, Inuit, Innu

Canadian Shield

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Which physiographic region is Southeast edge of James Bay; sparsely populated

Hudson Bay Lowland

what are the four climatic zones in quebec

arctic, subarctic, atlantic, Great Lakes

Five environmental challenges affecting Quebec

Agi and Mining waste
invasive species (focking zehbrah mussels)
Dam building
sewage disposal
Fracking
Asbestos

in 1608 the first permenant french settlement was _________ and was established with __________(sea) fur trading post

Quebec, Champlain

Confederation Sought to unite

English and French cultures within British system

what were the benefits of the confederation for Quebec

Economic union with Ontario, NS, and NB
Protection of language and religion
Provincial control over education and language
Expansion of boundaries

what were the four principal achievements by quebecs gov

1.Nationalization of private electrical companies under Hydro-Québec 2.Modernization/secularization of education 3.Stimulation of francophone business sector 4.Est. of Maisons du Québec (quasi-embassies)

Globalization of trade did what to manufacturing

froze it and cause unemployment

Signs of a weak economy

1.Receives the largest share of equalization 2.Unemployment rate is above the national average 3.Its per capita debt is the highest in the country

Bombardier

o Founded in 1942 o Today, aircraft and aircraft parts are Québec’s leading export o Bombardier rail systems are found around the world

SNC-Lavalin

o Leading construction and engineering group o Specializes in engineering in four key sectors: oil and gas, mining and metallurgy, infrastructure, hydro power o Best known for its engineering projects in foreign countries

___________ is central to | province’s industrial economy and energy export strategy

hydro quebec

Hydro quebecs siginificance comes from

- Usage of vast water resources of Canadian Shield -Proximity to energy-short New England -Transmission technology that enables long distance transfer

James Bay Project (1972) o Called for harnessing of power from all rivers that flow into James Bay from Québec What were the complicating factors of it

* Crown lands are home to Cree and Inuit | * Environmental concerns about loss of wilderness and ecosystems

James Bay and Northern Québec Agreement (1975)

Involved both federal and provincial governments; result was that both became responsible for providing “treaty benefits” • Indigenous land claims surrendered in exchange for land, cash, and control over cultural matters

IBAs

Impact Benefit Agreements (IBAs) are now common for community consultation and approval of projects. IBAs allow Indigenous communities to fully participate in projects carried out within their traditional territories.

Traditional homelands of Cree,Innu (Naskapi), and Inuit are found in which section of Quebec

Northern

Territory of Nunavik will soon have ______ of regional government rather than _____

public style rather than ethnix one this means all residents will be treated equally

Northern Quebec's two physiographic regions are

the canadian sheild and the hudson bay lowland

what negative factors are impacting northern quebec

o declining forest economy o sparsely populated hinterland, waning population o high unemployment o Resource-based economy based on foreign markets

how have Makivik Corporation and Kativik Regional Governments helped the aboriginals of northern quebec

• Have allowed the Inuit to manage their own affairs and thus gain administrative experience in different areas for over 30 years • Dream of a regional government emerged within Makivik

what is the makivik corporation

they have been managing the political and economic interest of the inuit of nunavuk

Northern Quebec agriculture can be described how

o Difficulty of farming in the “Clay Belt” | o Scattered farmland separated by large forested areas

Northern Quebec forest industry specializes in

o Maple syrup production; hardwood for furnituremaking o Strength lies in pulp/paper production; demand is dropping

Quebec's mining industry is fuelled by the __________

canadian sheild

Southern Quebec is the _____________ of quebec

Economic, social, and political core

The two physiographic regions of southern Quebec are

Appalachian Uplands | St Lawrence Lowland

Montréal’s manufacturing sector responded to strong | foreign competition by:

* Replacing workers with machinery in labour-intensive plants * Expanding high-technology firms