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Geography 162 > Atlantic Canada > Flashcards

Atlantic Canada Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two parts of At Canada

A
  • the maritimes (nova scotia, PEI and New Brunswick)

- Newfoundland Labrador

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2
Q

what is atlantic canada’s weak economic performance attributed to

A
  • political division into 4 provinces (unorganized cant form one government to equalize)
  • exhausted resources
  • dispersed population
  • distance from markets
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3
Q

Atlantic Canada has a dependence on Ottawa for what

A

Economic support

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4
Q

what are prospects for Atlantic Canada

A

the discovery of offshore oil and gas deposits

a huge shipbuilding contract from Ottawa

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5
Q

what are the physiographic regions of atlantic canada

A

Appalachian Uplands

Canadian shield

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6
Q

what causes unsettled weather conditions

A

the proximity to the atlantic
continental and marine air masses meet and cause cool wet summers and heavy snowfall winters
the meeting of labrador current and gulf stream also create extreme fog

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7
Q

what are the climatic zones

A

atlantic subarctic and arctic

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8
Q

What falls under the atlantic climatic zone

A

maritimes and newfoundland

influenced by warm, moist air from caribbean sea and gulf of mexico also arctic storm track dominates the winter

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9
Q

What falls under the subarctic zone

A

labrador interior which has a boreal forest

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10
Q

what falls under the arctic climatic zone

A

northern labrador and along the coast
“land fast ice” is Greenland icebergs that come to the coastline by the labrador current. Theres cool summers and tundra vegetation

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11
Q

Muskrat Falls

A

Hydro project with concerns of
flooding Indigenous lands and
producing methylmercury

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12
Q

Sydney Tar Ponds

A

toxic waste from sydney steel co and sysco

during 1998-2002 $400 million cleanup project

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13
Q

Scottish Highland clearances

A

, the forced eviction of inhabitants of the Highlands and western islands of Scotland, beginning in the mid-to-late 18th century and continuing intermittently into the mid-19th century. The removals cleared the land of people primarily to allow for the introduction of sheep pastoralism. The Highland Clearances resulted in the destruction of the traditional clan society and began a pattern of rural depopulation and emigration from Scotland.

Clans, Collectives, And The Jac

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14
Q

Atlantic canada was the first part of North America to be __________ by _________

A

Europeans, John Cabot 1497

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15
Q

what were the next waves of immigration to Atlantic Canada

A

The Loyalists after the American Rev. (late 1700)

and the scots, irish and welsh due to Scottish Highland Clearances and Irish Potato famine

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16
Q

who were the original populance of atlantic canada

A

the Mi’kmaq

17
Q

Early history saw resource exploitation of

A

cod and forests

18
Q

What was the “Golden Age if Sail”

A

By 1840 Nova Scotia and New Brunswick became the hot spot for ship building due to forestry and nice weather

19
Q

Why did newfoundland originally have a slow economical start

A

because they focused on cod fishery and coastal settlements

20
Q

what were atlantic exports and imports

A

ex cod and timber

in manufactured goods from england, and sugar and rum from west indies

21
Q

what were two benefits for Atlantic canadians with joining confederation

A

monthly payments for each child a mother bared and unemployment insurance for seasonal workers

22
Q

why did Ottawa extend the branch for Atlantic Canada to join confederation?

A

after wwII AT CAN became intertwined with american lifestyle etc.. Ottawa feared they would fall under american influence.

23
Q

At what times did atlantic canada join confederation

A

maritimes 1867 (2/4)
PEI 1873
Newfoundland 1949

24
Q

what are economic positives

A

Offshore oil and gas (dependent on
price rebound)

Mining/processing of nickel

Tourism, Shellfish, Shipbuilding

Knowledge-based economy in Halifax

25
Q

How has NL broken from equalization payments pattern

A

due to their oil wealth

26
Q

Lower Churchill Hydro project

A

Power stations at Churchill Falls producing electrical energy and
transmitting it through Atlantic Canada to New England

27
Q

Irving’s Halifax shipyard is building

A

the Royal Canadian’s Navy’s future
fleet
o Over $1 billion in complimentary
economic activities

28
Q

Muskrat Falls and Gull Island

Hydroelectric projects

A

Gull Island is Phase 2 of the Lower Churchill Project, of which the Muskrat Falls project is Phase 1. Once completed, the Muskrat Falls project will represent about 824 megawatts of power, while Gull Island will produce about 2,250 megawatts once completed, according to the current plans laid out by Nalcor.

29
Q

what led to the cod collapse

A

Tragedy of the commons and modern equipment expanded the fishing industry thus led to over fishing

30
Q

Offshore oil production is found only

A

in NL and Labrador

31
Q

where was the basis of NS’s iron and steel industry

A

Cape Breton

32
Q

what are the current dominating mining sectors

A

Iron and Nickel

33
Q

Voisey’s Bay (lab) mine is________ in world because _________________________

A

one of lowest-cost nickel mines

deposit close to surface and short distance from open water

34
Q

where is the forestry industry concentrated

A

nEW bRUNSWICK

35
Q

where is farmland concentrated

A

PEI
ST John River Valley (NB)
Annapolis Valley (NS)

36
Q

what are the major crops of at can

A

potatoes, tree fruit and grapes

37
Q

why is Atlantic canada considered the counry’s economically troubled region

A

due to high rates of unemployment, and out-migration

38
Q

Newfoundland has a second chance with

A

offshore petro resources

nickel deposits at voisey’s Bay

and potential of hydro project (Lower Churchill Project)

Geography 162 (11 decks)

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