Canada's Physical base

Question 1

What are the 3 main natural landforms

Answer 1

Mountains, PLateaus and Valleys

Question 2

What are identifies the physiographic regions?

Answer 2

They are large areas of the earth’s crust with 3 characteristics. They:
• extend over a large, contiguous area with similar relief features
• are shaped by a common set of geomorphic processes
• possess a common geological structure and history

Question 3

How many physigraphic regions are there?

Answer 3

7
The canadian sheils
Arctic lands
Cordillera
Interior plains
Hudson Bay Lowlands
Appalachian Uplands
Great Lakes- St lawrence Lowlands

Question 4

denudation

Answer 4

gradual erosion of mountains

Question 5

weathering

Answer 5

breaking down of mountains into smaller rocks

Question 6

which is the largest and which is the smallest physiographic region?

Answer 6

Canadian sheild is the largest and great lakes is the smallest

Question 7

which is the most varried and the most uniform

Answer 7

Cordillera most varried and Hudson’s Bay most uniform

Question 8

what is the most dramatic different regions

Answer 8

mountainous cordillera compared to the Hudson Bay Lowlands

Question 9

Which ice sheets shaped virtually all of canada

Answer 9

Wisconsin

Question 10

what were the two main ice sheets of the wisonsins

Answer 10

The laurentide (Hudson’s Bay) and the Cordillera

Question 11

Where did the ice sheets retreat first

Answer 11

The interior plains and then much later Ontario and Quebec

Question 12

Where are the canadian sheilds lowest and highest elavations

Answer 12

lowest = HUdson's bay
highest = Labrador

Question 13

How long ago was the last iceage and how old do geologist consider canada’s vegetation

Answer 13

12000 years ago and 10000 years old

Question 14

Describe the Canadian Sheild

Answer 14

largest region, scraped surface of molten rock. Has great mining potential, was subjected to erosion 12 000 years ago, strations in the rock demonstrate the direction of ice movement.

Question 15

`Arctic Lands

Answer 15

Nearly 10% of canada.Rock surface, covered by lichen. Eradic rocks brought by glaciation. Largely a lowland. Sits at sea level. Large amount of kyrosolic (frozen soil) Dry and cold, it is a treeless tundra and is a fragile environment.

Question 16

Cordillera

Answer 16

16% of canada from southern BC to Yukon. serious folding and faulting caused mountains, St. Elias Range, Highest Mnt is Mt Logan. The rockies

Question 17

Interior plains

Answer 17

20% of canada
valuable deposits of fossil fuels
sedimentary plains
thin grass, dusty, badlands
Highest point is cypres hill. Used to be a huge inland sea. NO tectonic plates in it;s making. Basins contain fuels. The laurentide ice sheet retreated 12000 years ago.
Three sub regions based on elavations. Manitoba lowland, saskatchewan plain and the alberta plain

Question 18

Hudson’s Bay Lowlands

Answer 18

3.5% swampy, poor drainage, few setttlements and perma frost.From James bay to Churchill river. Formed by warm climate that melted the laurentide, creating the Tyrell sea which after the earth’s crust began to rise (lack of ice sheet pressure) the sea retreated,

Question 19

Appalachian Uplands

Answer 19

Northern chain of mountains from US
the vegetation is trees. 2%of canada Lots of logging the highest point is in the gaspe penninsula with MT jacques cartier

Question 20

Great Lakes- St Lawrence

Answer 20

less than 2% most populated region thin glacial deposits limestone deposits exposed forming the NIagara escarpment, fertile soils, landscape shaped by Champlain Sea 2000 years ago,

Question 21

What influences the development of climatic zones?

Answer 21

1. Solar energy / latitude
2. Global circulation system (winds,
   air masses, and ocean currents)
3. Marine and continental location
4. “Continental effect”: air masses
   change temperature quickly over
   continental expanses

Question 22

The bulk of Canada’s territory is

associated with which two climatic types

Answer 22

Arctic and Subarctic zones

Question 23

What three factors produces climatw

Answer 23

• the amount of solar energy absorbed by the earth and atmosphere is made into heat (low latitudes have higher temps, high latitudes have lower temps
• global circulation system redistributes the energy.
• the continental effect= land masses heat up and cool more quickly than oceans. Greater distance from the ocean affects the temperature

Question 24

How many climatic zones does canada have

Answer 24

7
the pacific-cordiller-prairies-subarctic-arctic-greatlakes-atlantic
subarctic the largest (canadian sheild area)

Question 25

where is perma frost found

Answer 25

exists in sub and arctic zones and high elevations of the cordillera and is found over 2/3 of canada

Question 26

Notable canadian weather extremes

Answer 26

Manitoba Flood, 2011
Sagueney Flood 1996
Red Deer Tornado 2000
Toronto Ice storm 2013
Montreal Ice storm 1998

Question 27

what are the four main drainage basins

Answer 27

Hudson Bay Basin
Arctic Basin
Atlantic Basin
Pacififc Basin

Question 28

three environmental challenges in Canada

Answer 28

Air pollution: industrial emissions, coalburning plants, and automobile exhaust
• Oil sands development: Alberta is the
leading province in greenhouse emissions
• Urban smog

Question 29

Solutions to environmental problems

Answer 29

Establishing parks, protected areas
• Green movements; recycling waste
products
• Electric automobiles
• Natural energy sources; carbon tax
policies