quarter 3-4 Flashcards
el cinturon
the belt
la blusa
the blouse
las botas
the boots
la gorra
the cap
el abrigo
the coat
el vestido
the dress
el sombrero
the hat
la chaqueta
the jacket
los jeans
the jeans
los pantalones
the pants
la camisa
the shirt
los zapatos
the shoes
los pantalones cortos
the shorts
la falda
the skirt
los calcetines
the socks
el traje
the suit
el sueter
the sweater
la sudadera
the sweatshirt
el traje bano
the swimsuit
la camiseta
the t-shirt
la ropa interior
the underwear
pequeno
small
mediano
medium
grande
large
nuevo
new
viejo
old
el vendedor
the salesman
la vendedora
the saleswoman
la tienda
the store
comprar
to buy
escoger
to choose
costar
to cost
entrar
to enter
vestirse
to get dressed
buscar
to look for
necesitar
to need
pagar
to pay
vender
to sell
ir de compras
to shop, to go shopping
probarse
to try on
querer
to want
llevar
to wear
Llevo
im wearing _______
saber
know, to know
Pedir
to ask
Preguntar
to ask
preguntar, pedir saber and conocer differences. (and conjugations)
Saber is generally used to express knowledge of facts. (To know something.)
Conocer is generally used to express familiarity or acquaintance. (To know someone or to be familiar with a place.)
Pedir is generally used to make a request. (To ask for something.)
Preguntar is generally used to ask a factual question. (To ask a question.)
Notice the differences between the English translations of the verbs saber and conocer, as well as the differences between pedir and preguntar.
Tú sabes español. = You know Spanish (factual knowledge).
Tú conoces a Hillary. = You know Hillary (you are acquainted with her).
Ella pide ayuda. = She asks for help (request).
Ella pregunta qué hora es. = She asks what time it is (factual question).
Note: Pedir can be translated as “to ask for.” However, it is a transitive verb and does not require the use of the preposition por. That is why the sentence above is “Ella pide ayuda,” NOT “Ella pide por ayuda.”
Conjugations
Saber is irregular in the yo form:
sé sabemos
sabes sabéis
sabe saben
Conocer is also irregular in the yo form:
conozco conocemos
conoces conocéis
conoce conocen
Pedir is a stem-changing verb (e-i):
pido pedimos
pides pedís
pide piden
Preguntar is a regular -AR verb:
pregunto preguntamos
preguntas preguntáis
pregunta preguntan
yo se
I know
el cuarto de bano
the bathroom
el dormitorio
the bedroom
el comedor
the dining room
el garaje
the garage
la cocina
the kitchen
la sala
the living room.
el cuarto
the room, Bedroom
la silla
the chair
el sofa
the couch
el escritorio
the desk
el tocador
the dresser
el sillon
the easy chair
el espejo
the mirrir
la mesa
the table
el telefono
the telephone
la televion
the telelvision
el bano
the bath
la banera
the bathtub
el cepillo
the brush
el peine
the comb
el lavaplatos
the dishwasher
la secadora
the dryer
la ducha
the shower
el jabon
the soap
el papel higienico
the toilet paper
el cepillo de dientes
the toothbrush
la pasta de dientes
the toothpaste
la lavadora
the washing machine
limpiar
to clean
cocinar
to cook
secar
to dry
doblar la ropa
to fold the londry
planchar
to iron
recoger
to pick up
sacar la basura
to take out the garbage
tirar
to throw away
son
are
yo tengo
I have
what is this?
que es esto?
A leaf. Another leaf. The other leaf.
Una hoja. Otra hoja. La otra hoja.
What’s the difference?
¿En qué está la diferencia?
One is yellow. The other is white.
Una es amarilla. La otra es blanca.
What is this?
¿Qué es esto?
A sheet of paper.
Una hoja de papel.
And this?
¿Y esto?
Another sheet of paper.
Otra hoja de papel.
What’s the difference?
¿En qué está la diferencia?
Correct. Exactly. Precisely.
Correcto. Exactamente. Precisamente.
Thing. The thing. This thing.
Cosa. La cosa. Esta cosa.
dormimos
sleep
doblar
fold
que
that, than,
duro
hard
mayor
higher
banos
bathrooms
padres
parents
otro
other
el brazo
the arm
la espalda
the back
la sangre
the blood
el cerebro
the brain
el pecho
the chest
la oreja
the ear
el ojo
the eye
la cara
the face
las unas
the fingernails and toenais
el pie
the foot
la frente
the forehead
el pelo
the hair
el cabello
the hair (on head)
la mano
the hand
la cabeza
the head
el corazon
the heart
la rodilla
the knee
la pierna
the leg
los labios
the lips
la boca
the mouth
el cuello
the neck
la nariz
the nose
el hombro
the shoulder
la piel
the skin
el estomago
the stomach
los dientes
the teeth
la lengua
the tongue
Adverbs- mente
ADVERBS
Pattern: Adverbs are words that add information about verbs.
Adverbs
To form most adverbs in Spanish, you simply take the feminine singular form of an adjective, and add the ending -mente. This is equivalent to the -ly ending in English.
For example:
Adjective Feminine Singular Form Adverb lento lenta lentamente cuidadoso cuidadosa cuidadosamente ruidoso ruidosa ruidosamente difícil difícil difícilmente
Note: Adjectives like difícil do not change to match gender. In these cases, the feminine form is identical to the masculine form.
difícil ----> difícilmente
Adverbs are used to describe the way something happens.
Example:
Steve reads. Steve reads slowly.
Steve lee. Steve lee lentamente.
Note: To describe the way something happens, you can also use the word con with the singular form of the noun.
Example:
Ken anda cuidadosamente. Ken walks carefully.
Ken anda con cuidado. Ken walks carefully (with care).
Some adverbs do not follow the -mente pattern, and must be memorized. You probably know several of them already.
Here are some of the more common ones: Bastante = quite, rather Demasiado = too, too much Mal = badly, poorly Mucho = a lot, much Muy = very Nunca = never Peor = worse Poco = little Siempre = always
Gustar review
Let’s review the verb “Gustar.”
Gustar (to please)
To express “She likes X” in Spanish, it is helpful to think of the statement in this form: “X pleases her.” If you insist on making a word for word translation, you will likely get confused. Remember, English and Spanish have different ways of saying the same thing.
English Spanish The queens please him / her. Le gustan las reinas. OR He / she likes the queens.
To sing pleases them.
Les gusta cantar.
OR They like to sing.
To write doesn’t please me.
No me gusta escribir.
OR I don’t like to write.
Note: To say, “I like (something or someone),” you could say, “Me pleases (something or someone).” Don’t try to form a more direct translation equivalent! It may seem awkward or backward to express the idea of liking in this way, but that’s how it is expressed in Spanish.
Gustar (with personal noun)
English Spanish The queen likes to sing. A la reina le gusta cantar. The king likes to sing, too. Al rey le gusta cantar también. Who likes to sing with the cat? ¿A quién le gusta cantar con el gato? The noun must have an a before it when using gustar: a la reina , for example. Le in the three examples above must also be used before gustar. This is nearly untranslatable in English, but it is required in Spanish.
Let's look at a few more examples.
English
Spanish
The queen pleases me.
Me gusta la reina.
I like the queen.
Me gusta la reina.
I like the dogs.
Me gustan los perros.
I don't like the queen.
No me gusta la reina.
To smoke doesn't please me.
No me gusta fumar.
I don't like to drink.
No me gusta tomar.
He (or she) likes to sing.
Le gusta cantar.
But he doesn't like to sing with the cat.
Pero no le gusta cantar con el gato.
Who likes the dog?
¿A quién le gusta el perro?
Who likes the cat and the dog?
¿A quién le gustan el gato y el perro?
Pablo likes Maria and Ana.
A Pablo le gustan María y Ana.
The dukes eat this.
Los duques comen esto.
They like to eat this.
Les gusta comer esto.
But they don't like to eat it in the tower.
Pero no les gusta comerlo en la torre.
Who likes to sing and who likes to dance?
¿A quién le gusta cantar y a quién le gusta bailar?
I don't like to drink it.
No me gusta tomarlo.
The king pleases the queen.
A la reina le gusta el rey.
Note that the word quiere ("want") is used differently from gustar: El rey quiere cantar. The king wants to sing. Quiere follows regular usage for verbs, unlike gustar.
