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gen physics - chloe > quarter 2 - Q1 > Flashcards

quarter 2 - Q1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Any path along which current and electrons can flow.

A

ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

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2
Q

Consists of an energy source and an
energy-consuming device, which are connected by conducting wires through which electric charges move.

A

ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

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3
Q

Unbroken path of material that carries electricity because there is a discontinuity
in the path that the electricity will pass.

A

ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

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4
Q

COMPONENTS ARE CONNECTED END TO END

A

Series Circuit

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4
Q

➔ Two or more loads are linked
across a single loop of wire.

A

Series Circuit

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5
Q

The same current flows through all components. Theoretically, the current across a series circuit has the same value

A

Series Circuit

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6
Q

Total resistance is the sum of individual resistances along the path.

A

Series Circuit

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7
Q

If one component fails, the entire circuit stops working.

A

Series Circuit

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8
Q

Different loads are situated on
different wire loops

A

★ Parallel Circuit

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9
Q

Components are connected
across the same voltage source.

A

★ Parallel Circuit

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10
Q

Voltage across each component is
the same.

A

★ Parallel Circuit

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11
Q

Each path operates independently
of the other paths.

A

★ Parallel Circuit

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12
Q

Total current in this circuit equals
the sum of the currents in its
parallel branches.

A

★ Parallel Circuit

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13
Q

As the number of parallel branches
is increased, resistance of the
circuit is decreased.

A

★ Parallel Circuit

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14
Q

______ circuits are prone to overloading.

A

Parallel

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15
Q

➔ Supplies power to the electric
circuit.

A

Battery

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16
Q

➔ Impede the flow of electric current.

A

Resistors

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17
Q

➔ Connects other components; act
as conductors for electric current
to flow in the circuit.

A

Connecting wires

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18
Q

➔ Any component or device that
consumes electrical power.

A

Load

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19
Q

➔ It converts electrical energy into other forms of energy, such as
light, heat, or mechanical motion.

A

Load

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20
Q

➔ The difference in potential energy
between two points in the electric
circuit.

A

Voltage

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21
Q

➔ The amount of flow of electric
charges.

A

Current

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22
Q

➔ A material’s tendency to resist the
flow of electric charges.

A

Resistance

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23
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

➔ Batteries have internal resistance.

A

TRUE

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24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Parallel resistors have small total resistance

A

true

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25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Connecting batteries in parallel results in a lower current draw. This indicates thicker cables and more voltage drop.

A

false

Connecting batteries in parallel results in a higher current draw. This indicates thicker cables and more voltage drop.

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26
Q

➔ The presence and flow of electric charges.
➔ If there’s nothing plugged into an outlet, there is no electricity flow since there is nothing or there is no body for the electricity to flow to.

A

Electricity

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27
Q

➔ Any material that allows electricity current to pass through.
➔ E.g. copper, aluminim, steel

A

Conductor

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28
Q

➔ Any material that does not allow electricity currents to pass through ➔ E.g. plastic, rubber, glass, cloth,
wood

A

insulator

29
Q

The potential difference or voltage across the two ends or terminals of a battery.

A

VOLTAGE ACROSS A BATTERY

30
Q

VOLTAGE ACROSS A BATTERY Ranges from about _____ for a small battery to about ______ or a car battery

A

1.5 V

12 V f

31
Q

true or false

No electricity is being created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

A

true

32
Q

Most batteries are electrochemical cells or groups of connected cells that convert chemical energy into electrical energy

true or false

A

true

33
Q

Defined as the electric potential produced by either electrochemical cell or by changing the magnetic field

A

ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE (EMF)

34
Q

The energy change in a battery reflects the conversion of stored chemical energy into electrical energy, without violating the principle of conservation of energy

A

ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE (EMF)

35
Q

energy is neither created nor destroyed.

A

Law of conservation of energy:

36
Q

Current in a metal is due to the movement of electrons
Measured using an ammeter

A

ELECTRIC CURRENT (I)

37
Q

Is represented by I
A flow of charged particles or current

A

ELECTRIC CURRENT (I)

38
Q

____ = 1 coulomb of charge per second

A

1 amp

39
Q

_______ is present in any medium that allows charged particles to move, enabling the transfer of electrical energy.

A

Electric current

40
Q

________ is the flow of electric charge assumed to move from the positive terminal to the negative terminal of a power source.

A

Conventional current

41
Q

_______ is the flow of electric charge assumed to move from the negative terminal to the positive terminal.

A

Direct current

42
Q

is the flow of electric charge in a single, constant direction.

A

Direct current

43
Q

Used in small electronic gadgets and batteries

A

Direct current

44
Q

is the flow of electric charge that periodically reverses direction.

A

Alternating current

45
Q

The electrical supply in most homes is an example of alternating current. Appliances like refrigerators and washing machines operate on AC.

A

Alternating current

46
Q

The opposition to the flow of the current

A

RESISTANCE

47
Q

➔ Electrical device that offers resistance to electrical flow.
.

A

Resistor

48
Q

➔ Causes conversion from electrical energy to heat

A

Resistor

49
Q

Conductor properties that affect resistance (4)`

A

length
cross sectional area
type of material
temperature

50
Q

Length
➔ Resistance increases with the ____ of the conductor. A longer conductor provides more opportunity for collisions between electrons and atoms, impeding flow.

A

length

51
Q

➔ Resistance decreases with a larger
_______. A wider conductor allows more paths for electrons to flow, reducing overall resistance.

A

Cross sectional area

52
Q

➔ Different materials have different
intrinsic resistivities. Metals (like copper) have low resistance, while insulators (like rubber) have high resistance due to their atomic structure.

A

Type of material

53
Q

➔
Resistance generally increases with ________ in conductors. Higher temperatures cause increased atomic vibrations, which obstruct the flow of electrons, leading to higher resistance

A

temperature

54
Q

Property of conductor due to which it offers resistance to the flow of current through it.

A

RESISTIVITY (P)

55
Q

The better the conductor, the more the resistance.

true or false

A

FALSE

The better the conductor, the lesser the resistance.

56
Q

insulators have low resistivity while
Conductors have high resistivity.

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE

Conductors have low resistivity while
insulators have high resistivity.

57
Q

➔ Component that limits or regulates
flow of electrical current in an
electronic circuit

A

Resistor

58
Q

First color band: ____ digit

A

first

59
Q

Second color band: ____ digit

A

second

60
Q

Third color band: ______

A

multiplier

61
Q

Fourth color band: ______

A

tolerance

62
Q

_____, also called electromotive force, is a quantitative expression of the potential difference in charge between two points in an electrical field.

A

Voltage

63
Q

Any flow of charge such as this is called an ______.

A

electric current.

64
Q

______ is the hindrance to the flow of charge.

A

Resistance

65
Q

WHO DISCOVERED OHMS LAW

A

GEORGE OHM

66
Q

The higher the electrical potential
difference or voltage between two points in a circuit, the more charges can move between these points

A

OHM’S LAW

67
Q

Current (I) is directly proportional to voltage (V) and inversely proportional to resistance (R)

A

OHM’S LAW

68
Q

➔ The rate at which electric energy is converted into another form such as mechanical energy, heat, or light.

A

ELECTRIC POWER (P)

69
Q

The product of current (amp) and voltage (volt)

A

ELECTRIC POWER (P)

70
Q

➔ Power: energy per unit time (watt)
➔ The power times the number of hours is
the energy consumed per kilowatt-hour
➔ Kilowatt-hour (kWh) : unit used in
electrical energy costs

A

ENERGY-POWER

gen physics - chloe (4 decks)

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