q2 Flashcards
Forces that act on a certain object is always in ——.
equilibrium
TYPES OF FORCES (4)
push and pull
normal force
friction
torque
➔ The state of being stretched tight.
➔ The force that a string or rope exerts.
Tension
formula of torque
T = F x L
torque = moment of inertia * angular acceleration
➔ The force that opposes the motion of an object
➔ Refers to the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, material elements sliding against each other
Friction
➔ Applies action-reaction repair.
Tension
➔ Always the direct opposite of the weight of the object.
➔ The perpendicular contact force that a surface exerts on another surface.
Normal force
➔ The study of the motion of objects
Mechanics
types of friction
kinetic and static
As we walk on the ground, we exert force unto it but the ground also exerts the same amount of force unto us; this is an example of ———.
normal force
➔ The rotational equivalence of force.
Torque
in a vacuum space,
anything you drop will fall at the same time. But in reality, whatever has less resistance which may be through taking up less surface area will reach the ground first
Freefall motion:
➔ A force applied to a point on an object about the axis of rotation.
Torque
: Motion of an object
along a straight line.
Rectilinear motion
➔ a branch of mechanics that describes the motion of objects using words, diagrams, numbers, graphs, and equations.
Kinematics
motion of an object along a curved patb
curvillinear motion
When an object is thrown at different angles, it can result to different projections.
Projectile motion:
when you twirl something around, you have to maintain constant force for its path to be uniform.
Uniform circular motion:
➔ How much ground an object has covered
➔ How far you have traveled regardless of
direction
➔ Total ground covered
➔ SI unit: meters (m)
Distance
➔ How fast an object is moving.
➔ How fast or how slow an object has
covered a certain area.
➔ Rate at which an object covers distance
Speed
➔ How far out an object is.
➔ Where you are (direction) in relation to
where you started.
➔ Total straight-line distance from the start
to the end position.
● Displacement
➔ How fast and which way; the rate at which
position changes.
➔ Rate at which an object changes its
position.
Velocity
formula of acceleration
a = vf - vi / t
The change in velocity may be achieved in 3 ways:
Change in speed (as in a rectilinear motion)
Change in direction (as a uniform circular motion)
Change in both speed and direction (as in a curvilinear motion.
refers to the change in velocity of a moving object per unit of time.
acceleration
When will acceleration be equal to 0?
➔ When an object in motion’s speed is constant.
➔ When an object is at rest.
Acceleration is positive when the object is speeding up and at the same time it moves in a forward direction
t or f
true
speef can either be positive or negative unlike acceleration which is always positive.
t or f
false
Acceleration can either be positive or negative unlike speed which is always positive.
Acceleration is negative when the object is decelerating and/or the object is moving towards the opposite direction (towards south or west)
t or f
true
If an object is slowing down, then its
acceleration is in the same direction of its motion.
t or f
If an object is slowing down, then its
acceleration is in the opposite direction of its motion.
false
If an object is speeding up, then its
acceleration is in the opposite direction of its motion.
t or f
If an object is speeding up, then its
acceleration is in the same direction of its motion.
false
★ An increase in velocity over time;
the object is speeding up.
Positive acceleration
A decrease in velocity over time;
the object is slowing down.
Negative acceleration / deceleration
➔ Also referred to as constant acceleration
➔ Motion where velocity changes by equal
amounts in equal time intervals
➔ Uses kinematic equations
Uniform Accelerated Motion
★ No change in velocity; the object
moves at a constant speed or remains stationary.
Zero acceleration
➔ When an object falls under the influence of gravity alone, it is in a state of ———.
➔ In the absence of air resistance, all objects falling near the earth’s surface fall with a constant acceleration
FREE FALL MOTION
3 KINDS OF FREE FALL
➔ When the object is dropped from rest
➔ When the object is thrown vertically upward
➔ When the object is thrown upward at an angle to the horizontal
2 COMMON CONDITIONS IN FREE FALL
➔ If an object is merely dropped from an elevated height
➔ If an object is thrown upwards in a perfectly vertical direction
➔ The motion of the objects involved 2 dimensions, these 2 dimensions are the x and y axis or horizontal and vertical motion.
PROJECTILE MOTION
When an object is launched at a particular angle horizontally, it follows a trajectory or a path which creates what we call the ——–
projectile motion
projectile motion: The shape is usually called the ———, this varies (wideness or steepness of the angle) depending on the angle that the object is launched.
parabola
in projectile motion, as the object moves upward, it moves backward
true or false
false
As the object moves upward, it moves forward as well
1: at the end of the parabola, the maximum height or the vertical displacement can be observed.
2: when the object reaches max height, the velocity will be equal to 0. When the object’s velocity hits 0, that’s when it begins to go back down again.
both true
true false
both false
false true
false, true
Halfway through the parabola, the maximum height or the vertical displacement can be observed (hmax).
when the object reaches max height, the velocity will be equal to 0. When the object’s velocity hits 0, that’s when it begins to go back down again.
in a projectile motion, horizontal velocity changes
true or false
false
in a projectile motion, horizontal velocity is constant
what component of projectile motion is this:
Covers equal displacement in equal time periods
horizontal velocity component
When an object is thrown horizontally, it will not follow a straight path. This is only possible with the absence of gravity.
true or false
true
➔ Total vertical displacement of a projectile.
➔ Is usually half of the parabola.
Maximum height ( H ) / (hmax)
what component of projectile motion is this:
Changes (due to gravity). Does not cover equal displacements in equal time periods
Both the magnitude and direction change
vertical velocity component
it is the height or space between two points measured straight up or down.
Vertical distance
➔ How far the object is from the place it was launched from.
➔ the straight-line distance between two points measured along a flat, level surface.
Horizontal Distance
➔ Total horizontal displacement of a
projectile.
➔ The distance from the place it was
launched to where it lands.
Range(R)
➔ The time needed or time spent when the object travels certain portions in the trajectory
Time of flight (t)
➔ The velocity v of a body moving in a circular path with radius of curvature r at any instant is directed tangentially.
➔ The direction of ———– is always changing, but its magnitude may or may not be constant
TANGENTIAL VELOCITY
➔ Time elapsed of an object from the start
of the launch until it hits the ground.
Total time of flight (ttotal)
2 TYPES OF A PROJECTILE MOTION
● Projectie motion 1 (horizontally launched)
● Projectile Motion 2 (vertically launches at an angle)
➔ The object moves horizontally and
vertically upward or downward (after object reaches peak)
Projectile Motion 2
➔ Refers to the motion of a body turning about an axis, where each particle of the body moves a circular path.
➔ This is also known as uniform circular motion
Rotation
To measure a circle, you must consider: (2)
★ The circumference of the circle
★ The radius of the circle
When an object is moving in a uniform circular motion, the object that is turning is able to complete a revolution, this revolution is actually the ———– of the circle that is created.
circumference
➔ The ratio of the distance traveled along the circumference to the circle’s radius.
ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT
These quantities are expressed in the context of the rotational motion
TRANSLATIONAL AND ROTATIONAL MOTION
➔ ——- use angular quantities to describe circular motion
➔ ——– letters are used to represent the angular quantities
Physicists
&
Greek
➔ A straight line that passes through a point on the sides of the circle or on the circle
Tangent
The point where the tangent line and the circle meet is called the —–
point of tangency.
➔ Responsible for the changes in the linear speed of a given body
TANGENTIAL ACCELERATION
➔ Acceleration with respect to the tangent.
TANGENTIAL ACCELERATION
➔ Accounts for changes in the direction of the velocity
➔ This accounts for the changes in the velocity towards the center of the circle
RADIAL/CENTRIPETAL ACCELERATION
➔ The object is attracted to the center
Centripetal
➔ Is the force applied away from the center of a circular motion
Centrifugal Force
➔ The force applied toward the center of a circular motion
● Centripetal force
➔ Physics is concerned with the motion of objects and the quantitative analysis of that motion
RELATIVE MOTION
➔ The object that we pretend is still as we assess the motion of other objects relative to this inertial reference frame
Inertial Reference Frame
he was the first to describe relative motion.
Galileo Galilei
velocity measurements depend on the inertial reference frame that you adopt.
GALILEAN RELATIVITY
