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Science 9 > Quarter 1: Lesson 2 > Flashcards

Quarter 1: Lesson 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

It is the life support structure that nourishes your cells with food and oxygen. It also carries away the waste products.

A

Circulatory System

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2
Q

Components of Circulatory System

A

Blood, Blood Vessels, Heart

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3
Q

A fluid tissue consisting of plasma and cells that circulates in the blood vessels. Our blood consists of the liquid part called plasma and the solid components called blood cells.

A

Blood

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4
Q

a liquid that carries the cells and the platelets which help blood clot. It comprises 50 to 60% of our blood.

A

Plasma

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5
Q

The clear yellowish liquid part

A

Serum

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6
Q

are very small biconcave discs that are round and thinned out in the center. It can change shape to an amazing extent, without breaking, as it squeezes single file through the capillaries.

A

Red Blood Cells

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7
Q

Red Blood Cells are also called

A

erythrocytes

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8
Q

a molecule specially designed to hold oxygen and carry it to cells that need it. It also gives RBC a red color.

A

hemoglobin

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9
Q

Main function of Red Blood Cells

A

To deliver oxygen to our body tissues and cells

To pick up the unnecessary wastes and carbon dioxide from our cells.

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10
Q

Clumping of blood cells caused by antigen-antibody interaction. If transfused blood does not match, it will agglutinate. Agglutinated blood cannot pass through capillaries = blood clots = trouble

A

Agglutination

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11
Q

also known as leucocytes. They circulate in the bloodstream and have nothing to do with delivery of food and oxygen. Their job is to protect our body against foreign- invading substances, particularly bacteria. Leukocytes are true cells having their own nuclei. Sometimes the nuclei are big; sometimes there are more than one.

A

White Blood Cells

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12
Q

engulf foreign substances

A

Phagocytes

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13
Q

produce antibodies to attack the body enemy ( Bacteria).

A

Lymphocytes

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14
Q

considered as the smallest blood cells. It can produce tiny fibrinogen fibers to form a net. This net traps other blood cells to form a blood clot.

A

Platelets

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15
Q

are also known as thrombocytes

A

Platelets

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16
Q

begin when a blood vessel is injured. Blood comes into contact with the tissue around the injury. Several substances, such as calcium and protein combine or unite to trap the red blood cells and white blood cells to form a mesh. This clot then plugs the leak caused by the wounds. It also becomes the foundation on which the new tissue will be built to heal your wounds.

A

Blood Clotting

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17
Q

Blood Types

A

A ( +, - )
B ( +, - )
AB ( +, - )
O ( +, - )

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18
Q

The “positive” (+) or “negative” (-) on a blood type refers to the Rh type. Rh is another protein on red blood cells that researchers discovered decades ago. If you are Rh positive, then you have the Rh protein on your red blood cells.

A

Rh type

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19
Q

carry the blood throughout the body

A

Blood vessels

20
Q

carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the cells, tissues, and organs of the body. The arteries nearest to your heart are large. As they get farther from the heart, they rebranch and rebranch like a tree. They divide and split into smaller and more numerous arterioles. They carry blood under great pressure away from the heart. They are thicker and have more muscular walls.

A

Arteries

21
Q

carry deoxygenated blood to the heart. The large and thicker walled blood vessels are called veins. Blood in our veins appears to be darker because it has lost oxygen. Unlike in our arteries, blood moves slower in our veins because your blood is under little pressure

A

Veins

22
Q

he smallest blood vessels in the body, connecting the smallest arteries to the smallest veins - the actual site where gasses and nutrients are exchanged.

A

Capillaries

23
Q

Capillus

A

hair

24
Q

muscular pump located between your lungs above your diaphragm.

A

Heart

25
Q

The upper thin walled chamber, collecting chambers of the heart

A

Atria

26
Q

collects blue venous deoxygenated blood from the body

A

Right atrium

27
Q

Receives red oxygenated blood from our lungs

A

Left Atrium

28
Q

The lower thick walled chamber, pumping chambers of the heart

A

ventricles

29
Q

pumps blue venous blood out of our heart going to the lungs for oxygenation.

A

Right Ventricle

30
Q

pumps oxygenated blood out of the heart to all parts of the body; larger than the right ventricle.

A

Left Ventricle

31
Q

These do not actively open or close; they move only in response to pressure from the blood

A

Valves of the heart

32
Q

between right atrium and right ventricle

A

Tricuspid valve

33
Q

between left atrium left ventricle

A

Bicuspid valve

34
Q

muscular wall that divides our heart into its right and left sides. This also prevents the crossing of blood from one side to another, blood that passes the right side of our heart is deoxygenated while that which passes the left of our heart is oxygenated.

A

Septum

35
Q

is located at the upper part of the heart and brings blood to your head and arms

A

Superior Vena Cava

36
Q

is located at the lower part of the heart and brings blood to the lower part of your body

A

Inferior Vena Cava

37
Q

carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of your heart to the lungs

A

Pulmonary Artery

38
Q

brings back oxygenated blood from your lungs to the left atrium of your heart

A

Pulmonary Artery

39
Q

is the largest artery in our heart, it has a number of branches that carry blood from the heart to be distributed by branch arteries through the body.

A

Aorta

40
Q

the movement of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart.

A

Pulmonary Circulation

41
Q

the movement of blood through the tissues of the heart

A

Coronary Circulation

42
Q

the movement of blood from the heart to the rest of the body, excluding the lungs

A

Systemic Circulation

43
Q

Negative effects of smoking on circulatory system

A

Increased heart rate and blood pressure
Coronary heart disease
Arteriosclerosis
Vascular diseases.

44
Q

Negative effects of smoking on respiratory system

A

Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema
Asthma
Cough
Colds
tuberculosis
Lung cancer

45
Q

COPD

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases

46
Q

the number of times your heart beats in a minute (BPM or beats per minute)

A

heart rate or pulse

Science 9 (5 decks)

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