Quarter 1: Lesson 1 Flashcards
made up organs in our body that help us breathe.
Respiratory System
It is common to both plants and animals. In this process, there is an exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Respiration
exchange of gasses between the atmosphere and blood. This involves the lungs.
External Respiration
exchange of gasses between the cells of the body and the blood.
Internal Respiration
is a mechanical process that helps get air in and out of the lungs. It consists of two stages.
Breathing
intake of oxygen
Inhalation
breathing out of carbon dioxide
Exhalation
Upper Respiratory Tract
Nose, Pharynx, Larynx
gateway and the first organ of the respiratory system wherein the air (oxygen) enters the body. It is responsible for the sense of smell and helps in respiration and speech production.
Nose
also called “nares”. These are the external openings in the nose and serve as the passage of air into the body.
Nostrils
inside part of the nose. It warms, moisturizes, and filters the air that enters the body. It is lined with a mucous membrane that helps keep the nose moist by producing mucus.
Nasal cavity
tiny hairs that are located on the surface cells of the mucous membrane that moves back and forth. The mucus traps any foreign particles which are moved by the cilia toward the front of the nose. This helps clean the air before it goes to the lungs.
Cilia
lines the nasal cavity. It produces mucus that is moist and sticky that captures dust, germs, and small particles that could irritate the lungs.
Mucous Membrane
passageway of air from the oral and nasal cavities to the lungs, it is also the passage of food to the esophagus.
Pharynx or Throat
located in the pharynx which plays an important role to protect the body from infection.
Adenoids and tonsils
a hollow tubular structure that connects the pharynx and the windpipe (trachea). It is where the vocal folds or vocal cords lie and prevents the passage of food and other foreign particles in the lower respiratory tracts.
Larynx or Voice Box
leaf-shaped flap cartilage behind the tongue which protects the trachea during eating to prevent inhalation of food.
Epiglottis
Lower Respiratory Tract
Trachea, Lungs, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli, Diaphragm
a cartilaginous tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs. It serves as a passageway of air, moistens, and warms while it passes into the lungs.
Trachea or Windpipe
it is the primary organ of the respiratory system. The lungs are protected by a bony and muscular rib cage and a double-layered membrane (pleura) that lines the thoracic cavity and covers the lungs. They help the oxygen we breathe enter the red blood cells and get rid of carbon dioxide when we breathe out.
Lungs
two branches that split from the trachea and lead directly to the lungs
Bronchi
are small bronchial tubes that deliver air to alveoli.
Bronchioles
tiny air sacs like grapes located at the end of the bronchial tubes and are surrounded by blood capillaries. It is the endpoint of the respiratory system.
Alveoli or Air sacs
The gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide happens between the alveoli (singular, alveolus) and blood by the process of __________
diffusion
a dome-shaped structure that separates the chest and abdomen. It is the main respiratory muscle responsible for inhalation and exhalation.
Diaphragm
the lungs expand and the diaphragm moves downward.
During inhalation
the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its normal shape.
In exhalation
