Quantum

Question 0

What are the two types of interference?

Answer 0

Constructive- result bigger than original

Destructive- result smaller than original

Question 1

What are the 4 characteristics of waves?

Answer 1

Amplitude
Wavelength
Frequency
Interference

Question 2

What is the photoelectric effect?

Answer 2

A light of a specific energy, when hitting metal, caused conduction of electricity.

Question 3

Is light a wave or a particle?

Answer 3

No, duality of light means it behaves as both a wave and a particle.

Question 4

What is shown by an H-line emission spectrum?

Answer 4

Each substance produced a unique pattern of colored bands.

Amount of energy has no effect

Question 5

What was shown by the Bohr model?

Answer 5

Electrons orbiting a nucleus

Question 6

What happens when an atom gives off light.

Answer 6

1) Energy put into an atom is absorbed by electrons.
2) these e- move to a specific higher orbit
3) the e- then drop back down and release this absorbed energy as light

Question 7

What is said by the ladder analogy?

Answer 7

It takes a specific amount of energy for an e- to jump to a higher orbit. It either jumps or doesn’t jump

Question 8

What is a quantum?

Answer 8

A specific amount of energy that can be lost or gained by electrons or other small particles

Question 9

What are the four orbital types?

Letter and shape

Answer 9

s = sphere shape
p = dumbbell shape
d = two p's
f = two d's

Question 10

What are quantum numbers?

Answer 10

4 numbers that describe each e- in an atom in an atom

Question 11

What are the four quantum numbers?

Answer 11

1) principal
2) orbital
3) magnetic
4) spin

Question 12

What is the 1st quantum number?

Answer 12

Principal quantum number (n)

• represents the # of main energy levels
• found from rows on table

Question 13

What is the second quantum number?

Answer 13

Orbital quantum number (l)
-Indicates orbital type
s=0 p=1. d=2 f=3

Question 14

What is the 3rd quantum number?

Answer 14

Magnetic quantum number (ml)

• Describes 3D orientation in space
• works like a number line!!!

Question 15

What is the 4th quantum number?

Answer 15

Spin quantum number (ms)

• describes spin (magnetic properties)
• up or down arrow is 1/2 or -1/2

Question 16

What is Aufbau principle?

Answer 16

e- occupies lowest energy level it can.

1s before 2s

Question 17

What is Hund’s rule?

Answer 17

Each orbital must hold one e- before another in that group can hold two.

(Three ups in p before a down)

Question 18

What is the Pauli exclusion principle?

Answer 18

No two e- can have the same spin number.

One up and one down

Question 19

What is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle?

Answer 19

At no point do we know an e- speed or direction of travel