Quantities in Chemical Reactions Flashcards
Molar Concentration
Molarity
The amount (in moles) of solute dissolved in 1L of a solution.
Molar Mass
The mass of one mole of a substance
Symbol: M
Unit: g/mol
Law of Definite Proportion
Elements in a compound are always present in the same proportions by mass.
Empirical Formula
Smallest whole-number ratio of the element in that compound
Molecular Formula
Actual numbers of atoms of each element in that compound
Hydrate
A crystalline structure consisting of an ionic compound and one or more water molecules loosely bonded to the metal ion in the structure.
Stoichiometry
The study of the relative quantities of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
Limiting Reactant
The reactant that is completely consumed in a reaction
- Determines/ Limits the amount of product formed
Excess Reactant
The reactant that is continuously/endlessly provided
Theoretical Yield
The amount of product obtained by calculations assuming 100% purity of reactants.
Actual Yield/ Experimental Yield
The amount of product that is actually obtained in the reaction
Percentage Yield
Often less than 100% mainly due to impurities in then reactants
