Chemical Reactions

Question 1

Monoatomic Ion

Answer 1

An ion consisting of one ion only

Ex: Na+ or Cl-

Question 2

Cation

Answer 2

A positive ion

Question 3

Anion

Answer 3

A negative ion

Question 4

Univalent Metal

Answer 4

A metal with only one stable ionic form

All metals in 1A, 2A, and Al3+, Zn2+, Ag+

Question 5

Multivalent Metal

Answer 5

A metal with more than one stable ionic form (Many transition metals and Pb and Sn)

Question 6

Polyatomic Ion

Answer 6

A group of atoms covalently bonded together with an overall positive or negative charge (Ex: NH4+ or NO3-)

Question 7

Binary Acid

Answer 7

An acid consisting of hydrogen and another non-metal (starts with “hydro”, add (aq) to end)

Question 8

Oxyacid

Answer 8

An acid consisting of hydrogen, oxygen and another non-metal

Question 9

Acid

Answer 9

A compound in which one or more H+ ions are bonded to an anion

Question 10

Synthesis

Answer 10

A + B -> AB

Question 11

Decomposition

Answer 11

AB -> A + B

Question 12

Single Displacement

Answer 12

AB + C -> A + CB

Question 13

Double Displacement

Answer 13

AB + CD -> AD + CB

Question 14

Precipitation (DD)

Answer 14

Results in the formation of a solid (insoluble ionic compound)

Question 15

Gas Formation (DD)

Answer 15

One of the compounds produced decomposes into water and a gas

Question 16

Neutralization

Answer 16

An acid and a base react to form water and a salt

Question 17

Combustion

Answer 17

A highly exothermic rapid reaction of a substance with oxygen, resulting in the production of an oxide(s)

Question 18

Hydrocarbon

Answer 18

A compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen alone. (Ex: Methane- CH4 and Propane- C3H8)

Question 19

Derivatives of Hydrocarbon

Answer 19

Organic molecules that contain oxygen too

Ex: Methanol- CH3OH

Question 20

Complete Combustion

Answer 20

When they combust, the products are carbon dioxide and water, provided that the sufficient oxygen is available

Question 21

Incomplete Combustion

Answer 21

Elemental carbon is produced (Soot-C(s) or Carbon Monoxide- CO(g)) as well as carbon dioxide and water
- because of insufficient amount of oxygen available

Question 22

Complete Ionic Equation

Answer 22

Shows the soluble ionic compounds exit as ions in the solution

Question 23

Net Ionic Equation

Answer 23

Includes only the ions and compounds directly involved in the reaction

Question 24

Spectator Ions

Answer 24

Ions that play no real role in the reaction

Question 25

Aqueous

Answer 25

Cation and anion are dissolved in water rather than bound together

Question 26

Ions Soluble in Water

Answer 26

• Alkali metal ions
• Hydrogen ion (H+)
• Ammonium ion (NH4+)
• Nitrate ion (NO3-)

Question 27

Salt

Answer 27

An ionic compound whose cation comes from a base and whose anion comes from an acid

Question 28

Binary Acids

Answer 28

Consist of hydrogen and a reactive non-metal.

- Only when in aqueous state are they considered to be acids.

Question 29

Hard Water

Answer 29

Water the contains relatively large concentrations of ions that form insoluble compounds with soap.

Question 30

Soft Water

Answer 30

Water that contains relatively small concentrations of ions that form insoluble compounds with soap.