Quantitative Analysis Techniques Flashcards
Any method used for determining the amount of a chemical in a sample
Quantitative Analysis
Measure a physical property, such as adsorption of light, density, and magnetic susceptibility
Physical Methods
Involve chemical reactions, such as oxidation, precipitation, or neutralization to form a new chemical compound
Chemical Methods
The most common form of infrared spectroscopy. The radiation that passes through the sample is recorded.
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
An analytical technique used for the quantification of metal atoms by measuring the intensity of light emitted by the atoms in excited states.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES)
An analytical technique which is used for the identification of compositions of different elements in a specific sample.
Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDXS)
An x-ray instrument used for routine, relatively non-destructive chemical analyses of rocks, minerals, sediments and fluids.
X-ray Fluorescent Spectroscopy (XRF)
Identify alloys, detect tramp elements, deliver geochemical data, analyze precious metals, and determine coating weight and plating thickness, to ensure material chemistry specifications are met.
Handheld XRF Analyzers
Inherently deals with the determination of small amounts of chemical elements
Trace Elemental Analysis (TEA)
Quantitative analytical techniques which employ a titration in comparing an unknown with a standard.
Volumetric or Titrimetric Analyses
Solution containing a known concentration of reactant
Standardized Solution
The titration proceeds until reactant [B] is just consumed (stoichiometric completion).
Equivalence Point
A substance that have distinctly different colors in acidic and basic media, is usually added to the reaction flask to signal when and if all the analyte has reacted.
Indicators
The point where sufficient indicator has been converted for detection.
End Point
A titration method used to determine the concentration of an unknown using an excess amount of a compound with a known concentration.
Back titration
Basic titration method that involves reaction between the unknown compound and the compound with known concentration.
Direct titration
The remaining amount of the reagent added in excess
Titrand (Back Titration)
The unknown compound
Titrand (Direct Titration)
A quantitative analysis method to determine an acid’s or base’s concentration by precisely neutralizing them with a standard solution of either acid or base of known concentration.
Acid-Base Titration
Also known as an oxidation-reduction reaction. In this type of titration, the chemical reaction takes place with a transfer of electrons in the reacting ions of aqueous solutions.
Redox Titrations
Based on the insoluble precipitate formation when the two reacting substances are brought into contact.
Precipitation Titration
Where an undissociated complex is formed at an equivalence point. It is greater than the precipitation titrations, and there will be no error due to co-precipitations.
Complexometric Titration
A method in analytical chemistry to determine the quantity of an analyte based on the mass of a solid.
Gravimetric Analysis
Involves separating components of our mixture by heating or chemically decomposing the sample.
Volatilization Chemistry
Uses a precipitation reaction to separate one or more parts of a solution by incorporating it into a solid.
Precipitation Reaction
A method used to separate and quantify ions of a substance, usually a metal.
Electrogravimetry
A method of thermal analysis in which changes in physical and chemical properties of materials are measured as a function of increasing temperature or as a function of time.
Thermogravimetry
The technique of determining compounds’ elemental composition (empirical formula) by combusting the samples into simple and small molecules from which the information about the original composition can be extracted.
Combustion Analysis
A method of determining the quantitative content of gases in ferrous and nonferrous materials where gases are physically and chemically adsorbed by the materials and later removed and swept by from the fusion area by an inert carrier gas.
Inert Gas Fusion
